Techniques of chromosome manipulation in rainbow trout: a new evaluation with karyology.

Experiments, supported by extensive karyology, were carried out to evaluate the different techniques used for chromosome manipulation in rainbow trout. Eggs, when subjected to early heat shocks, changed from haploidy to diploidy and from diploidy to triploidy. In this respect heat shocks differ from pressure shocks which induce gradual transitions between successive ploidy levels. Sperm treatment with dimethylsulphate yields haploid embryos containing residual sperm chromatin fragments, in contrast to treatment with ultraviolet rays.