Marina Amaral1, Renan Belli2, Paulo Francisco Cesar3, Luiz Felipe Valandro4, Anselm Petschelt5, Ulrich Lohbauer6. 1. Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dentistry School, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil. 2. Laboratory for Biomaterials Research, Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany. 3. Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, Dentistry School, Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 4. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. 5. Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany. 6. Laboratory for Biomaterials Research, Dental Clinic 1 - Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany. Electronic address: lohbauer@dent.uni-erlangen.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the adhesive potential of novel zirconia primers and universal adhesives to surface-treated zirconia substrates. METHODS: Zirconia bars were manufactured (3.0mm×3.0mm×9.0mm) and treated as follows: no treatment (C); air abrasion with 35μm alumina particles (S); air abrasion with 30μm silica particles using one of two systems (Rocatec or SilJet) and; glazing (G). Groups C and S were subsequentially treated with one of the following primers or adhesives: ZP (Z-Prime Plus), AZ (AZ Primer); MP (Monobond Plus); SU (ScotchBond Universal) and; EA (an Experimental Adhesive). Groups Rocatec and SilJet were silanized prior to cementation. Samples form group G were further etched and silanized. Bars were cemented (Multilink) onto bars of a silicate-based ceramic (3.0mm×3.0mm×9.0mm) at 90° angle, thermocycled (2.500 cycles, 5-55°C, 30s dwell time), and tested in tensile strength test. Failure analysis was performed on fractured specimens to measure the bonding area and crack origin. RESULTS: Specimens from group C did not survive thermocycling, while CMP, CSU and CEA groups survived thermocycling but rendered low values of bond strength. All primers presented a better bond performance after air abrasion with Al2O3 particles. SilJet was similar to Rocatec, both presenting the best bond strength results, along with SMP, SSU and CEA. G promoted intermediate bond strength values. Failure mode was predominately adhesive on zirconia surface combined to cohesive of the luting agent. CONCLUSIONS: Universal adhesives (MP, SU, EA) may be a considerable alternative for bonding to zirconia, but air abrasion is still previously required. Air abrasion with silica particles followed by silane application also presented high bond strength values.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the adhesive potential of novel zirconia primers and universal adhesives to surface-treated zirconia substrates. METHODS:Zirconia bars were manufactured (3.0mm×3.0mm×9.0mm) and treated as follows: no treatment (C); air abrasion with 35μm alumina particles (S); air abrasion with 30μm silica particles using one of two systems (Rocatec or SilJet) and; glazing (G). Groups C and S were subsequentially treated with one of the following primers or adhesives: ZP (Z-Prime Plus), AZ (AZ Primer); MP (Monobond Plus); SU (ScotchBond Universal) and; EA (an Experimental Adhesive). Groups Rocatec and SilJet were silanized prior to cementation. Samples form group G were further etched and silanized. Bars were cemented (Multilink) onto bars of a silicate-based ceramic (3.0mm×3.0mm×9.0mm) at 90° angle, thermocycled (2.500 cycles, 5-55°C, 30s dwell time), and tested in tensile strength test. Failure analysis was performed on fractured specimens to measure the bonding area and crack origin. RESULTS: Specimens from group C did not survive thermocycling, while CMP, CSU and CEA groups survived thermocycling but rendered low values of bond strength. All primers presented a better bond performance after air abrasion with Al2O3 particles. SilJet was similar to Rocatec, both presenting the best bond strength results, along with SMP, SSU and CEA. G promoted intermediate bond strength values. Failure mode was predominately adhesive on zirconia surface combined to cohesive of the luting agent. CONCLUSIONS: Universal adhesives (MP, SU, EA) may be a considerable alternative for bonding to zirconia, but air abrasion is still previously required. Air abrasion with silica particles followed by silane application also presented high bond strength values.