Adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf tissue of three pear (Pyrus sp.) cultivars in vitro.

To develop an adventitious regeneration system for pear cultivars, several experiments were conducted with 2 cultivars of Pyrus communis L. ('Seckel' and 'Louise Bonne') and one cultivar of P. bretschneideri Rehd. ('Crystal Pear'). Half-leaves, taken from shoots proliferating on Lepoivre medium, were plated in petri-dishes on medium supplemented with various combinations of cytokinins and auxins. Cultures of the above cultivars had been established from mature trees. Among the growth regulators tested, thidiazuron (TDZ), combined with naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA), was the most efficient for stimulation of adventitious shoots. The optimum level of TDZ was about 3 uM; shoot regeneration was observed over a wide range of TDZ and NAA concentrations (0.5 to 5 uM and 2.5 to 13 um, respectively). Among different macronutrient compositions, 1/2 and 1/4 Murashige and Skoog were the most effective. Sucrose concentrations (10 to 50 g L-1) had a linear significant effect on shoot regeneration of 'Crystal Pear'.