Sarah Dee Geiger1, Jie Xiao2, Alan Ducatman3, Stephanie Frisbee4, Kim Innes5, Anoop Shankar5. 1. Department of Public Health and Health Education, Northern Illinois University, School of Nursing and Health Studies, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA. Electronic address: Geiger@niu.edu. 2. Registration and Records, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. 3. Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. 4. Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Department of Health Policy, Management, and Leadership, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA. 5. Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dyslipidemia in children is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and earlier cardiovascular disease development. Environmental exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia in adults. However, there are few general population studies examining this association in children or adolescents. In this context, we examined the association between serum PFOA and PFOS levels and dyslipidemia in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 815 participants ⩽18 years of age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008. The main outcome was dyslipidemia, defined as total cholesterol >170 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >110 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dL or triglycerides >150 mg/dL. RESULTS: We found that serum PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with high total cholesterol and LDL-C, independent of age, sex, race-ethnicity, body mass index, annual household income, physical activity and serum cotinine levels. Compared to subjects in quartile 1 (referent), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for high total cholesterol among children in quartile 4 was 1.16 (1.05-2.12) for PFOA and 1.53 (1.11-1.64) for PFOS. PFOA and PFOS were not significantly associated with abnormal HDL-C and triglyceride levels. DISCUSSION: Our findings indicate that serum PFOA and PFOS are significantly associated with dyslipidemia in adolescents, even at the lower "background" exposure levels of the US general population.
INTRODUCTION:Dyslipidemia in children is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and earlier cardiovascular disease development. Environmental exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) have been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia in adults. However, there are few general population studies examining this association in children or adolescents. In this context, we examined the association between serum PFOA and PFOS levels and dyslipidemia in a nationally representative sample of US adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 815 participants ⩽18 years of age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008. The main outcome was dyslipidemia, defined as total cholesterol >170 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) >110 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) <40 mg/dL or triglycerides >150 mg/dL. RESULTS: We found that serum PFOA and PFOS were positively associated with high total cholesterol and LDL-C, independent of age, sex, race-ethnicity, body mass index, annual household income, physical activity and serum cotinine levels. Compared to subjects in quartile 1 (referent), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for high total cholesterol among children in quartile 4 was 1.16 (1.05-2.12) for PFOA and 1.53 (1.11-1.64) for PFOS. PFOA and PFOS were not significantly associated with abnormal HDL-C and triglyceride levels. DISCUSSION: Our findings indicate that serum PFOA and PFOS are significantly associated with dyslipidemia in adolescents, even at the lower "background" exposure levels of the US general population.
Authors: Pi-I D Lin; Andres Cardenas; Russ Hauser; Diane R Gold; Ken P Kleinman; Marie-France Hivert; Abby F Fleisch; Antonia M Calafat; Thomas F Webster; Edward S Horton; Emily Oken Journal: Environ Int Date: 2019-05-28 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: J J Schlezinger; H Puckett; J Oliver; G Nielsen; W Heiger-Bernays; T F Webster Journal: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Date: 2020-08-19 Impact factor: 4.219
Authors: Kevin M Beggs; Steven R McGreal; Alex McCarthy; Sumedha Gunewardena; Jed N Lampe; Christoper Lau; Udayan Apte Journal: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Date: 2016-05-03 Impact factor: 4.219
Authors: Leonardo Trasande; Tony T Koshy; Joseph Gilbert; Lauren K Burdine; Teresa M Attina; Akhgar Ghassabian; Masato Honda; Michael Marmor; Dinh Binh Chu; Xiaoxia Han; Yongzhao Shao; Kurunthachalam Kannan Journal: Environ Res Date: 2017-01-16 Impact factor: 6.498
Authors: John Bassler; Alan Ducatman; Meenal Elliott; Sijin Wen; Banrida Wahlang; John Barnett; Matthew C Cave Journal: Environ Pollut Date: 2019-01-18 Impact factor: 8.071
Authors: Mitchell B Rosen; Kaberi P Das; John Rooney; Barbara Abbott; Christopher Lau; J Christopher Corton Journal: Toxicology Date: 2017-05-27 Impact factor: 4.221
Authors: Ana M Mora; Abby F Fleisch; Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman; Jennifer A Woo Baidal; Larissa Pardo; Thomas F Webster; Antonia M Calafat; Xiaoyun Ye; Emily Oken; Sharon K Sagiv Journal: Environ Int Date: 2017-11-20 Impact factor: 9.621
Authors: Tony T Koshy; Teresa M Attina; Akhgar Ghassabian; Joseph Gilbert; Lauren K Burdine; Michael Marmor; Masato Honda; Dinh Binh Chu; Xiaoxia Han; Yongzhao Shao; Kurunthachalam Kannan; Elaine M Urbina; Leonardo Trasande Journal: Environ Int Date: 2017-09-08 Impact factor: 9.621