Melanoma patient self-detection: a review of efficacy of the skin self-examination and patient-directed educational efforts.

Early detection of cutaneous melanoma results in reduced morbidity and mortality. Although screening by physicians has been shown effective, the role of skin self-examination (SSE) in melanoma secondary prevention is less well studied. Various methods and educational strategies have been implemented to empower patients to perform efficacious SSEs. Patient demographics play an important role in their likelihood to examine their own skin and ability to detect melanoma. Visual aids such as total body photography and dermoscopy, which have improved physician exams, are becoming elements accessible to patients for augmentation of self-exam. This review examines the literature of SSE in melanoma detection.