Inhibitory actions of a series of Ca2+ channel antagonists against agonist and K+ depolarization induced responses in smooth muscle: an assessment of selectivity of action.

The inhibitory effects of the Ca2+ channel antagonists D-600, diltiazem, nifedipine and seven 1,4-dihydropyridine analogs of nifedipine against 80 mM K+ depolarization induced responses in guinea pig trachea, parenchyma, and pulmonary artery and rat renal and mesenteric artery preparations were determined. Together with similar data previously obtained for guinea pig ileum and bladder, these data permitted an assessment of tissue selectivity of action in smooth muscles of a series of Ca2+ channel antagonists under constant conditions (saline composition) and an identical challenge (K+ depolarization). Very similar rank orders of activity were expressed in all tissues suggesting that the same basic structure-activity relationship operates. However, the series of antagonists were significantly less active in respiratory smooth muscle than in other visceral or vascular smooth muscles. pA2 values for a series of 1,4-dihydropyridine antagonists measured in guinea pig taenia coli against Ca2+-induced responses in K+-depolarizing media correlated with mean inhibitory concentration values against K+-induced responses, suggesting that the latter were an appropriate measure of antagonist potency. pA2 values measured for nifedipine, D-600, and diltiazem against Ca2+-induced responses in taenia coli in the presence of a depolarizing K+ saline, or methylfurmethide, histamine, or 5-hydroxytryptamine did not differ, suggesting that the same channels were activated regardless of stimulant.