Dedifferentiated laryngeal chondrosarcoma: combined morphologic and functional imaging with positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging.

Chondrosarcoma of the larynx is a rare, low-grade malignancy in terms of histology and clinical behavior. We present an unusual case of laryngeal chondrosarcoma, which developed a large dedifferentiated component on recurrence after primary surgery. The diagnosis of dedifferentiation was suggested in view of the morphological and metabolic findings on hybrid positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) and was subsequently confirmed surgically. Whole-organ, slice-by-slice radiologic-histologic correlation revealed excellent delineation of the well-differentiated and dedifferentiated tumor components with PET/MRI. PET/MRI can provide additional functional information to supplement the morphological mapping and histopathology of these tumors.