Perceptual differences between reading handwritten and typed words.

Perceptual differences between reading handwritten and typed words were investigated in a series of three experiments. In the first two experiments, a Sternberg memory search paradigm was employed, with either typed or handwritten probes. The reaction time to classify handwritten probes was slower than for typed probes, but memory search took place at the same rate for both kinds of probe. In the third experiment, the latencies for naming the written and typed words differed by the same amount of time as the overall difference between the same stimuli in the memory search task. These findings indicate that only perceptual processes are differentially affected by the differences between typed and written words. Furthermore, in these tasks the independence of encoding and memory search makes it unlikely that processes of perceptual indentification use expectations or analysis-by-synthesis based on the information in immediate memory.