PURPOSE: CKD-516 is a benzophenone analog in which the B ring is modified by replacement with a carbonyl group. The study assessed CKD-516 as a vascular disrupting agent or anti-cancer drug. METHODS: To assess the effect of S516 on vascularization, we analyzed the effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To determine the inhibition of cell proliferation of S516, we used H460 lung carcinoma cells. The alteration of microtubules was analyzed using immunoblot, RT-PCR and confocal imaging. To evaluate the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine and/or CKD-516, H460 xenograft mice were treated with CKD-516 (2.5 mg/kg) and/or gemcitabine (40 mg/kg), and tumor growth was compared with vehicle-treated control. For histologic analysis, liver, spleen and tumor tissues from H460 xenograft mice were obtained 12 and 24 h after CKD-516 injection. RESULTS: Cytoskeletal changes of HUVECs treated with 10 nM S516 were assessed by immunoblot and confocal imaging. S516 disrupted tubulin assembly and resulted in microtubule dysfunction, which induced cell cycle arrest (G2/M). S516 markedly enhanced the depolymerization of microtubules, perhaps due to the vascular disrupting properties of S516. Interestingly, S516 decreased the amount of total tubulin protein in HUVECs. Especially, S516 decreased mRNA expression α-tubulin (HUVECs only) and β-tubulin (HUVECs and H460 cells) at an early time point (4 h). Immunocytochemical analysis showed that S516 changed the cellular microtubule network and inhibited the formation of polymerized microtubules. Extensive central necrosis of tumors was evident by 12 h after treatment with CKD-516 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). In H460 xenografts, CKD-516 combined with gemcitabine significantly delayed tumor growth up to 57 % and 36 % as compared to control and gemcitabine alone, respectively. CONCLUSION: CKD-516 is a novel agent with vascular disrupting properties and enhances anti-tumor activity in combination with chemotherapy.
PURPOSE: CKD-516 is a benzophenone analog in which the B ring is modified by replacement with a carbonyl group. The study assessed CKD-516 as a vascular disrupting agent or anti-cancer drug. METHODS: To assess the effect of S516 on vascularization, we analyzed the effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). To determine the inhibition of cell proliferation of S516, we used H460 lung carcinoma cells. The alteration of microtubules was analyzed using immunoblot, RT-PCR and confocal imaging. To evaluate the anti-tumor effects of gemcitabine and/or CKD-516, H460 xenograft mice were treated with CKD-516 (2.5 mg/kg) and/or gemcitabine (40 mg/kg), and tumor growth was compared with vehicle-treated control. For histologic analysis, liver, spleen and tumor tissues from H460 xenograft mice were obtained 12 and 24 h after CKD-516 injection. RESULTS: Cytoskeletal changes of HUVECs treated with 10 nM S516 were assessed by immunoblot and confocal imaging. S516 disrupted tubulin assembly and resulted in microtubule dysfunction, which induced cell cycle arrest (G2/M). S516 markedly enhanced the depolymerization of microtubules, perhaps due to the vascular disrupting properties of S516. Interestingly, S516 decreased the amount of total tubulin protein in HUVECs. Especially, S516 decreased mRNA expression α-tubulin (HUVECs only) and β-tubulin (HUVECs and H460 cells) at an early time point (4 h). Immunocytochemical analysis showed that S516 changed the cellular microtubule network and inhibited the formation of polymerized microtubules. Extensive central necrosis of tumors was evident by 12 h after treatment with CKD-516 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.). In H460 xenografts, CKD-516 combined with gemcitabine significantly delayed tumor growth up to 57 % and 36 % as compared to control and gemcitabine alone, respectively. CONCLUSION: CKD-516 is a novel agent with vascular disrupting properties and enhances anti-tumor activity in combination with chemotherapy.
Authors: Hans J Hammers; Henk M Verheul; Brenda Salumbides; Rajni Sharma; Michelle Rudek; Janneke Jaspers; Preeti Shah; Leigh Ellis; Li Shen; Silvia Paesante; Karl Dykema; Kyle Furge; Bin T Teh; George Netto; Roberto Pili Journal: Mol Cancer Ther Date: 2010-05-25 Impact factor: 6.261
Authors: D Lyden; K Hattori; S Dias; C Costa; P Blaikie; L Butros; A Chadburn; B Heissig; W Marks; L Witte; Y Wu; D Hicklin; Z Zhu; N R Hackett; R G Crystal; M A Moore; K A Hajjar; K Manova; R Benezra; S Rafii Journal: Nat Med Date: 2001-11 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Su Jung Ham; YoonSeok Choi; Seul-I Lee; Jinil Kim; Young Il Kim; Jin Wook Chung; Kyung Won Kim Journal: Hepatol Int Date: 2017-07-18 Impact factor: 6.047
Authors: Tessa Ya Sung Le Large; Btissame El Hassouni; Niccola Funel; Bart Kok; Sander R Piersma; Thang V Pham; Kenneth P Olive; Geert Kazemier; Hanneke W M van Laarhoven; Connie R Jimenez; Maarten F Bijlsma; Elisa Giovannetti Journal: Ther Adv Med Oncol Date: 2019-05-10 Impact factor: 8.168