Streptozotocin-induced diabetes reduces brain serotonin synthesis in rats.

The rate of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) synthesis and turnover in streptozotocin-diabetic rats was assessed using three separate methods: the rate of 5-hydroxytryptophan accumulation following decarboxylase inhibition with Ro 4-4602; the decline in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels following monoamine oxidase inhibition with pargyline; and the rate of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid accumulation following blockade of acid transport with probenecid. Each of the three methods revealed that 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis and turnover is decreased by 44-71% in diabetic rats with plasma glucose levels of between 500 and 600 mg%. In addition, the levels of free and bound plasma tryptophan were measured and the levels of the free amino acid were found to be the same in control and diabetic rats. Since diabetic rats exhibit a 40% decrease in brain tryptophan, the free tryptophan level in plasma does not predict brain tryptophan levels in diabetic rats. These data are discussed within the context of psychiatric disturbances experienced by diabetic patients.