Isolation of cellulolytic mesophilic clostridia from a municipal solid waste digestor.

Ten obligately anaerobic, cellulolytic mesophilic bacteria were isolated from a municipal solid waste digestor used for biogas production. The isolates were rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria in anaerobic conditions, and stained Gram-positive in young cultures, and hence were identified asClostridium. Small regular translucent and unpigmented colonies were observed on cellulose plates. The strains were gelatinase-negative, hydrolyzed esculin and starch, and fermented xylose and arabinose. The lecithinase, lipase, and indole tests were negative. The major fermentation products from cellulose included ethanol and acetate. The morphological and other biochemical characteristics indicated that these clostridia did not correspond to any previously described species. All the strains produced high activities of extracellular cellulases in cellulose media and degraded paper.