Idoia Labayen1, Jonatan R Ruiz2, Francisco B Ortega2, Inge Huybrechts3, Gerardo Rodríguez4, David Jiménez-Pavón5, Romana Roccaldo6, Esther Nova7, Kurt Widhalm8, Anthony Kafatos9, Dénés Molnar10, Odysseas Androutsos11, Luis A Moreno12. 1. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain. Electronic address: idoia.labayen@ehu.es. 2. Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; PROFITH, PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity. 3. Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France. 4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 5. GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. 6. Human Nutrition Unit, National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition, Rome, Italy. 7. Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain. 8. Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. 9. School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece. 10. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary. 11. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. 12. GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Failure to attain fat balance may contribute to obesity development even without excessive energy intake. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of dietary macronutrient distribution with abdominal adiposity in adolescents and to evaluate whether these relationships were attenuated by physical activity. METHODS: A total of 224 Spanish adolescents (51% females, 14.9 ± 1.2 years) were included in the study. Abdominal adiposity in three regions, truncal and total body fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and thereafter FM index (FMI = FM/height(2)) and FMI/LMI ratio were calculated. The energy derived from fat intake was assessed by two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Total physical activity (PA) and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and vigorous PA were objectively measured by accelerometry. RESULTS: We observed that the percent of energy derived from fat intake was significantly associated with FMI and FMI/LMI ratio (Ps = 0.001) and greater amounts of truncal (P = 0.001) and abdominal adiposity in the three regions regardless of age, sex and height (all P ≤ 0.005). The strength of the relationships was not substantially altered by further adjustment for PA, vigorous PA or moderate-to-vigorous PA (Ps ≤ 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The percent of energy derived from dietary fat intake is strongly and linearly associated with total, truncal and abdominal adiposity independently of PA in adolescents. These observations implicate the amount of dietary fat intake as a specific risk factor in the excess of abdominal adiposity in adolescence.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Failure to attain fat balance may contribute to obesity development even without excessive energy intake. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of dietary macronutrient distribution with abdominal adiposity in adolescents and to evaluate whether these relationships were attenuated by physical activity. METHODS: A total of 224 Spanish adolescents (51% females, 14.9 ± 1.2 years) were included in the study. Abdominal adiposity in three regions, truncal and total body fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and thereafter FM index (FMI = FM/height(2)) and FMI/LMI ratio were calculated. The energy derived from fat intake was assessed by two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Total physical activity (PA) and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and vigorous PA were objectively measured by accelerometry. RESULTS: We observed that the percent of energy derived from fat intake was significantly associated with FMI and FMI/LMI ratio (Ps = 0.001) and greater amounts of truncal (P = 0.001) and abdominal adiposity in the three regions regardless of age, sex and height (all P ≤ 0.005). The strength of the relationships was not substantially altered by further adjustment for PA, vigorous PA or moderate-to-vigorous PA (Ps ≤ 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The percent of energy derived from dietary fat intake is strongly and linearly associated with total, truncal and abdominal adiposity independently of PA in adolescents. These observations implicate the amount of dietary fat intake as a specific risk factor in the excess of abdominal adiposity in adolescence.
Authors: Idoia Labayen; Jonatan R Ruiz; Inge Huybrechts; Francisco B Ortega; Manuel Castillo; Michael Sjöstrom; Marcela González-Gross; Yannis Manios; Kurt Widhalm; Anthony Kafatos; Christina Breidenassel; Gerardo Rodríguez; Jean Dallongeville; Frédéric Gottrand; Luis A Moreno Journal: J Physiol Biochem Date: 2017-01-06 Impact factor: 4.158
Authors: Louise R Jones; Pauline M Emmett; Nicholas P Hays; Yassaman Shahkhalili; Caroline M Taylor Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-09-18 Impact factor: 5.717