Sang-Beom Jeon1, Gunjan Parikh, H Alex Choi, Neeraj Badjatia, Kiwon Lee, J Michael Schmidt, Hector Lantigua, E Sander Connolly, Stephan A Mayer, Jan Claassen. 1. *Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Departments of ‡Neurology and ¶Neurosurgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York; §Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas; ‖Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are commonly found after stroke but have not previously been studied in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence, radiographic patterns, predictors, and impact on outcome of CMBs in patients with SAH. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively 39 consecutive patients who underwent T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging within 7 days after onset of spontaneous SAH. We report the frequency and location of CMBs and show their association with demographics, vascular risk factors, the Hunt-Hess grade, the modified Fisher Scale, the Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation II, magnetic resonance imaging findings including diffusion-weighted imaging lesions, and laboratory data, as well as data on rebleeding, global cerebral edema, delayed cerebral ischemia, seizures, the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, and the modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (46%) had CMBs. Of these patients, 9 had multiple CMBs, and overall a total of 50 CMBs were identified. The most common locations of CMBs were lobar (n = 23), followed by deep (n = 15) and infratentorial (n = 12). After adjustment for age and history of hypertension, CMBs were related to the presence of diffusion-weighted imaging lesions (odds ratio, 5.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-24.00; P = .03). Three months after SAH, patients with CMBs had nonsignificantly higher modified Rankin Scale scores (odds ratio, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-9.39; P = .18). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that CMBs are commonly observed and associated with diffusion-weighted imaging lesions in patients with SAH. Our findings may represent a new mechanism of tissue injury in SAH. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical implications of CMBs.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are commonly found after stroke but have not previously been studied in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence, radiographic patterns, predictors, and impact on outcome of CMBs in patients with SAH. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively 39 consecutive patients who underwent T2*-weighted gradient-echo imaging within 7 days after onset of spontaneous SAH. We report the frequency and location of CMBs and show their association with demographics, vascular risk factors, the Hunt-Hess grade, the modified Fisher Scale, the Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation II, magnetic resonance imaging findings including diffusion-weighted imaging lesions, and laboratory data, as well as data on rebleeding, global cerebral edema, delayed cerebral ischemia, seizures, the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, and the modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (46%) had CMBs. Of these patients, 9 had multiple CMBs, and overall a total of 50 CMBs were identified. The most common locations of CMBs were lobar (n = 23), followed by deep (n = 15) and infratentorial (n = 12). After adjustment for age and history of hypertension, CMBs were related to the presence of diffusion-weighted imaging lesions (odds ratio, 5.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.14-24.00; P = .03). Three months after SAH, patients with CMBs had nonsignificantly higher modified Rankin Scale scores (odds ratio, 2.50; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-9.39; P = .18). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that CMBs are commonly observed and associated with diffusion-weighted imaging lesions in patients with SAH. Our findings may represent a new mechanism of tissue injury in SAH. Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical implications of CMBs.
Authors: Adib A Abla; Jeffrey Nelson; Helen Kim; Christopher P Hess; Tarik Tihan; Michael T Lawton Journal: Neurosurgery Date: 2015-05 Impact factor: 4.654
Authors: Keri L H Carpenter; Marek Czosnyka; Ibrahim Jalloh; Virginia F J Newcombe; Adel Helmy; Richard J Shannon; Karol P Budohoski; Angelos G Kolias; Peter J Kirkpatrick; Thomas Adrian Carpenter; David K Menon; Peter J Hutchinson Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2015-02-18 Impact factor: 4.003