Axoplasmic transport of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in rat sciatic nerve.

Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase were localized immunohistochemically in the rat sciatic nerve by immunofluorescence using specific rabbit antisera. Both proteins showed strong immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of Schwann cells and at the nodes of Ranvier. The axoplasm of myelinated axons also showed a low, evenly distributed immunoreactivity for both proteins. A single or double crush of the nerve caused accumulation of immunoreactivity in dilatated axons both proximally and distally to the crush for up to 8 h. Local cooling of the nerve or subepineural injection of either colchicine or vinblastine prevented the accumulation indicating a role of microtubules. The results showed that thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are synthesized in nerve cell bodies and rapidly transported in axons both in anterograde and retrograde directions.