Diversity of Alticinae in Oaxaca, Mexico: A preliminary study (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).

This is a preliminary study of the diversity of the Flea Beetles (Alticinae) of the Mexican state of Oaxaca based on fieldwork by the author in 1991, 1997, and 2010, the literature, and specimens in several institutional collections. The number of genera and species for Mexico as well as for Oaxaca increased significantly from previous studies. There are now 625 species in 90 genera recorded from Mexico with 275 species in 68 genera recorded from Oaxaca. There are 113 species known only from the state of Oaxaca and another 38 species known only from Oaxaca and the surrounding states. Oaxaca has a relatively high diversity as well as a high percentage of endemism. This study also demonstrates the effects of how even a small amount of fieldwork together with extracting specimen data from institutional collections can significantly increase the total faunistic and diversity knowledge of an area. A complete list of the genera and species known from Oaxaca is included.

Introduction

Although Mexico is the fourteenth largest country in the world (ca. 2,000,000 km2) it is the fifth most biodiverse country and is one of the 25 biodiversity hotspots (Mittermeier 1988; Mittermeier et al. 1999).

Oaxaca is one of the most mountainous and rugged areas in Mexico and it is geologically complex as well (Ferrusquía-Villafranca 1993). Its southern and central areas are composed of the Sierra Madre del Sur mountain range, one of the major ranges in Mexico. However, the mountains of Oaxaca are actually composed of several less extensive ranges. The primary one is the Sierra Madre de Oaxacathat is a mountain range just north of Sierra Madre de Sur, but converging with it. It begins in the state of Veracruz at Pico de Orizaba and extends in a southeasterly direction for 300 km until reaching the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Mountain peaks in the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca average 2,500 m in elevation, with some peaks exceeding 3,000 m. The Sierra Madre de Oaxaca also can be split into many smaller sierras, each with unique environments and human inhabitants, including Sierra de Juárez (this study area) and Sierra Mazateca (to the northwest) (Maps 1, 2). Of special interest to this study is its home base in Ixtlán de Juárez, a mountain community for the environmentally aware. Here, locals have developed a special eco-tourism project where guests are taken on guided tours through the area’s attractive forests. Within the same hour, you can experience a hot, dry climate, and then ascend the mountains to a cold damp region (Map 3). The Sierra de Juárez is a range of mountains in Oaxaca state, Mexico between latitudes 17°20'–17°50'N and longitudes 96°15'–97°00'W, with an area of about 1,700 km². The range is separated from the Sierra de Zongólica to the north by the Santo Domingo River, flowing through the Tecomavaca Canyon. It stretches south-eastward to the Cajones River and the Sierra de Villa Alta. The mountains are in the district of Ixtlán de Juárez in the Sierra Norte de Oaxaca region. It is named after Mexico’s only indigenous president, Benito Juárez, who was born here in 1806 in the small village of San Pablo Guelatao (Map 4). These mountains climb from 500 m to 3,250 m, with many large and deep ravines. They are formed of folded sedimentary rocks with series of younger granitic intrusions that date from the Palaeozoic to Cenozoic, with the majority being Mesozoic. The climate is subtropical in the lower regions and temperate and subhumid above 1000 m, with average temperature from 16°–20° C. There is regular frost in the higher mountains. Annual rainfall, fed by the trade winds from the Caribbean Sea, ranges from 700 mm to 4000 mm or more. The Valle Nacional River originates in the Sierra de Juárez, one of the major tributaries of the Papaloapan River (Map 4).

Map 1.

Mexico and southern USA, depicting the position of the state of Oaxaca.

Map 2.

Oaxaca with the surrounding states and demonstrating the strong geographical constriction of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.

Map 3.

Google Earth view of the Sierra de Juárez mountains with the current study’s home base of Ixtlán de Juárez and some of the collecting localities from the 2010 field trip, especially Santa Catarina Lachatao.

Map 4.

The Sierra de Juárez mountains of Oaxaca with the surrounding smaller mountain systems.

The Sierra de Juárez is one of Oaxaca State’s wettest areas and richest in forest diversity, with perhaps 2000 of the 8000 or more plant species that are found in the state. It is mostly covered by montane cloud forest, but includes tropical evergreen forests and forests of pine, pine-oak and oak. The cloud forest forms a band from 1,000–1,400 m in height up to 2,250 meters along the northern and eastern slopes. The cloud forest climate is cool (14°–20° C) and has mean annual rainfall that exceeds 2,000 mm and is sometimes much higher. The dominant trees are 20–30 m tall and include evergreen and deciduous species, palms, tree ferns, heather shrubs, vines, and moisture-loving herbs (the facts above were taken from Wikipedia).

As evident from Maps 1 and 2 Oaxaca is positioned in a rather unique biogeographical part of Mexico and, in fact, Central America. It is bordered north and west by the rather dry and deep Rio Balsas (an almost west-east) transect of the state of Guerrero. To the north and east is the southern-most aspect of one of the other major mountain ranges of Mexico, the Sierra Madre Oriental, at that point in Veracruz. The eastern most part of Oaxaca spans the Isthmus of Tehuantepec that borders the state of Chiapas. The Isthmus of Tehuantepec is not mountainous and is distinctly the narrowest part of Mexico where the states of Oaxaca, Veracruz, Chiapas and Tabasco converge. This geographical conPageBreakstriction certainly has an effect on the diversity and distribution of the fauna and flora. Presumably to the south the biodiversity is predominantly Neotropical.

For Mexico’s phanerogamic flora the highest diversity is found along a belt originating in Chiapas, traversing Oaxaca, and continuing to central Veracruz in the east and to Sinaloa and Durango on the west and cloud and evergreen forests are the most diverse per unit area, endemism is prevalent, and Oaxaca has a higher number of species than any state (Rzedowski 1993).

Llorente-Bousquets et al. (1993) report that based on butterflies (Papilionoidea) the two most species-rich areas in Mexico are the Sierra de Juárez (the area of the present study) and Los Tuxtlas (Veracruz), with the highest numbers of species in Oaxaca (40), Chiapas (41), and Veracruz (41). In a survey of 20 different groups of arthropods (8,599 species), the most diverse states were Veracruz (2072), Chiapas (1306), Oaxaca (1256), Guerrero (1124) (Llorente-Bousquets et al. 1996).

The current study is part of a series of publications on the diversity of Alticinae (Flea Beetles) in Mexico (Furth 1998, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009; Savini et al. 2001). BePageBreaksides elucidating the biological diversity of Mexico based on this taxon of herbivores, it provides an example of how the historical literature, historical collecting based on specimens in institutional collections, and new fieldwork can be combined to relatively rapidly assess such diversity. Although the historical literature is a fixed entity, when more institutional collections are examined or surveyed for historical collecting records and when more targeted fieldwork is conducted (even for short periods), there is a significant increase in diversity knowledge very quickly.

Furth and Savini (1996, 1998) listed all Alticinae known from Central America with their known distribution. Furth (2004) published the first accounting of Alticinae diversity in Mexico based primarily on the historic literature as well as some specimens from collections at the USNM, a few borrowed specimens from other collections, and some from very brief collecting by the author in 1991, 1993, 1995, and 1997. At that time there were 501 species in 85 genera listed from Mexico of which 96 species in 33 genera were recorded from Oaxaca. This made Oaxaca the third most diversity state behind Veracruz (182 species) and Guerrero (124 species), and just ahead of Durango PageBreak(87 species) and Tabasco (74 species). Because most of these data were based on very old and sporadic collecting, they were very preliminary and also may have reflected the accessibility or popularity of certain locations. Nevertheless, the biological diversity was understandably higher in most of the southern Mexican states, e.g., Chiapas, Guererro, Oaxaca, Tabasco, and Veracruz presumably due to their proximity to the Neotropics. This has also been documented for other groups of animals, including insects, such as for Odonata (González and Novelo 1996), Psocoptera (Mockford and Aldrete 1996), Passalidae (Reyes-Castillo 2002), and Bruchinae (Nápoles 2002).

In Furth (2006) new data was added that changed the Alticinae diversity in the various Mexican states, but Oaxaca remained third most diverse with 122 species, Guerrero remained second with 141, and Veracruz was the most diverse with 198. Other states with significant diversity (Furth 2006) were Durango (97 species), MoPageBreakrelos (84), Tabasco (81), and Chiapas (81). It is noteworthy that of these seven most diverse states, five are surrounding Oaxaca.

As discussed in Furth (2004) in Mexico there is a major biogeographic transition zone between the Nearctic and Neotropical Regions and biogeographic affinities may also vary greatly depending on the group considered. Also levels of endemism vary greatly depending on the group considered and, of course, depending on the relative knowledge of the group. As with any country some vertebrate and plant groups are well known, whereas most insect groups are not. Aspects of Mexican biogeography and endemism were also discussed in Furth (2004) with some examples from other groups provided. Biogeography and endemism will be treated below relative to the data from this study regarding Oaxaca and surrounding states.

Materials and methods

The data for this study was taken from three primary sources: first, from previously published literature, especially Furth (2004), Furth (2006) that included original published literature, including Furth and Savini (1996); second, from museum specimens borrowed from a variety of collections as follows: ; , ; ; ; ; ; ; ; the ; ; ; third, from fieldwork by the author in 1991 (19-23 August) around Oaxaca City and in the Sierra de Juárez, 1997 (22-23 July) around Oaxaca City and southwest along Route 190, and 2010 (29 July-4 August) around Oaxaca city and in the Sierra de Juárez.

University of California, Berkeley

University of California, Davis

California Academy of Sciences

California Department of Food and Agriculture

Brigham Young University

American Museum of Natural History

U. S. National Museum of Natural History

Texas A. & M. University

The Natural History Museum, London

F. C. Bowditch Collection, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University

Naturhistorisches Museum Basel (Switzerland)

Zoologisches Staatssammlungen München (Germany)

The Appendix is a combination of older records from the literature, a few collections (USNM, MCZ, NHMB), and new collection records from 8 other institutions above and the author’s field work (DGF 1991, 1997, 2010).

Examination and determination of the specimens was made using a Leica MZ APO binocular dissecting microscope. The digital photos of Figure 10 were produced by Karolyn Darrow using the Visionary DigitalTM imaging system and Adobe PhotoshopTM.

Figure 10.

Examples of newly recorded Alticinae from the current study: A OM sp. 2 B OM sp. 1 C OM sp.1 D OM sp. 2 E F G New Genus H .

The fieldwork was primarily based out of the Universidad de la Sierra Juárez (USJI) (Figure 11). Alticinae were collected by general and/or host plant-targeted sweeping with a 15 inch diameter aerial insect net using an aspirator. The majority of the field sites were in the vicinity of Santa Catarina Lachatao (SCL) and daily trips were accompanied by Prof. Atilano Contreras Ramos (UNAM), Prof. Jose Arturo Casasola (USJI), and various members of the SCL community (Figure 12). After the fieldwork extensive collection examination and curation was done at the Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, UNAM (Figure 13, 14)

Figure 11.

View of the cloud forest environment of Sierra de Juárez mountains from the Universidad de la Sierra Juárez campus.

Figure 12.

A view of typical Bromeliad-dominant cloud forest (many trees covered by (Linnaeus) (L.) Bromeliaceae) around Santa Catarina Lachatao with some of the 2010 collecting team (right to left: Jose Arturo Casasola, Atilano Contreras-Ramos, a local guide, Diana X. Munn).

Figure 13.

Entrance to the Instituto de Biología (UNAM) where the Mexican National Insect Collection is housed.

Figure 14.

Compactors of the Mexican National Collection (UNAM, IB).

Results

As a result of a week of fieldwork in Sierra de Juárez of Oaxaca, Mexico, in 2010 and subsequent determination of the specimens collected, as well as examination of several institutional collections, the number of known species of Alticinae of Mexico increased from 524 (Furth 2006) to 625 (Figure 1) - an increase of over 19%. At the generic level there was only one genus added to the overall fauna of the country (Figure 2). Also resulting from the new fieldwork and collections examined, the number of recorded species for the state of Oaxaca increased from 121 (Furth 2006, 122 were reported but one found later to be in error) to 275 (Figure 3) – an increase of almost 79% and the number of Oaxacan genera rose from 37 to 68 (Figure 4) – an increase of 84%. At both PageBreakthe species and generic levels in Oaxaca these increases were significantly more than the increases from Furth (2004) to Furth (2006) for species of 96 to 121 (26%) (Figure 3) and for genera from 30 to 37 (23%) (Figure 4).

Figure 1.

The total number of Alticinae species recorded from Mexico from Furth (2004, 2006) and the current study.

Figure 2.

The total number of genera recorded from Mexico and Oaxaca based on Furth (2004, 2006) and the current study.

Figure 3.

The changes in number of species recorded from Mexico versus Oaxaca only, based on Furth (2004, 2006) and the current study.

Figure 4.

The changes in number of genera of Alticinae recorded only from Oaxaca from Furth (2004, 2006) and the current study.

As for the endemism of Oaxaca as demonstrated by the Alticinae, Figure 5 shows that in Furth (2004, 2006) there were 9 and 11 species, respectively, recorded only from the state of Oaxaca, but as a result of the 2010 fieldwork there are 113 species – an increase of almost 930% from Furth (2006). Many of these (81 species or 72 %) currently only have morphospecies names and probably a significant proportion of these are new to science (see Appendix for OM species numbers). If the endemism is examined at a somewhat broader perspective, i.e., including species recorded in OaxPageBreakaca as well as the surrounding states (those bordering Oaxaca, plus Tabasco) then the endemic species from the 2010 data is a less dramatic increase from Furth (2004, 2006) or 25 to 38 – an increase of 52% (Figure 5). This means that of the 275 species recorded from the 2010 fieldwork from Oaxaca, 155 (55%) species are endemic at PageBreaksome level; 41% are restricted endemics known only from Oaxaca and 14% are more broadly endemic; known also from surrounding states (Figure 6).

Figure 5.

A comparison of the number of endemic species of Alticinae from Oaxaca only and from Oaxaca plus the surrounding states as recorded in Furth (2004, 2006) and the current study.

Figure 6.

Endemic and non-endemic species numbers and percentages as recorded from the current study.

Figure 7 shows the numbers of species (62) and genera (29) collected by the author during fieldwork from different trips to Oaxaca (1991, 1997, 2010). Of these the 2010 collecting trip alone resulted in 49 species and 26 genera. The 1991 collecting trip was 5 days, the 1997 trip 2 days, and the 2010 trip 7 days. Thus, the 2010 trip alone produced 79% of the species and 90% of the genera (Figure 7).

Figure 7.

A comparison of the numbers of species/genera recorded from total evidence (literature, collections, author fieldwork), from all fieldwork (1991, 1997, 2010), and from the 2010 field trip alone.

Examining the biogeographical affinities of the Alticinae diversity of Oaxaca at the generic level, i. e, the biogeographic affinities of the 68 genera recorded, there are 6 (9%) genera of Nearctic affinity, 7 (almost 10%) of Cosmopolitan affinity, and 54 (81%) of Neotropical affinity (Figure 8).

Figure 8.

The biogeographic affinity of Alticinae genera of Oaxaca. Cosmopolitan genera are those found in several biogeographic regions.

Another way to look at the diversity of the Oaxacan Alticinae is to examine the number of species per genus. As shown in Figure 9 of the 68 genera recorded from Oaxaca there is a high number of genera (26) with only one species and a high number of species (16 + 19 + 23 + 24) or 82 from only one genus, with a trend towards more species from fewer genera.

Figure 9.

The number of species per genus of recorded Oaxacan Alticinae.

Figure 10 illustrates a few representatives of Alticinae genera and species that demonstrate presumed endemism and significant affinities of the biogeographical elements and distributional extensions in Oaxaca. PageBreak OM sp. 2. (Figure 10A) represents one of two probable new species in a genus known from Brazil (25 species), one each from Ecuador and Peru, and only 2 known species from Central America. OM sp. 1 (Figure 10B) is a probably new species representing a Neotropical genus with 11 known species from Mexico (Furth 2006), another 18 from Central America, and about 7 from South America. OM sp. 1 (Figure 10C) is an undescribed species of a monotypic genus only known from Mexico, Guatemala, and El Salvador (Furth and Savini 1996). OM sp. 2 (Figure 10D) is a probably new species of a very large genus (possibly the largest Neotropical genus of Alticinae) with only 4 known species from Mexico (Furth 2006), another 15 known from elsewhere in Central America (Furth and Savini 1996), and more than 60 from South America. Jacoby (Figure 10E) is new to Mexico from the south, previously known only from Guatemala and El Salvador. (Jacoby) (Figure 10F) is new to Mexico from the south, only previously only known from Guatemala and originally described as a species of . New Genus OM A (Figure 10G) is almost certainly a new genus probably of Neotropical affinity. Crotch (Figure 10H) is a Nearctic element, new to Mexico from the north, previously only known from southeastern, south central, southwestern USA.

Discussion

As indicated in the Introduction and evident from Maps 1–4, Mexico is geographically positioned rather uniquely between North America and South America and with a large diversity of landscapes, climates, and microhabitats; these are reflected in its diversity of flora and fauna. The southern state of Oaxaca is an interesting reflection of this diverse Mexican geography and its habitats with its own set of special features.

The data in Furth (2004, 2006) were compiled primarily from researching the historical and more recent literature as well as from searching and determination of a few collections (i. e., the USNM, MCZ, and NHMB). The author’s previous studies of Alticinae diversity of Mexico were published (2004, 2006) and were based on the literature and examination of primarily two research collections. The current study resulted from more extensive examination of collections from a variety of institutional research collections and a single, brief field trip to one area of Oaxaca. This multi-faceted strategy of reviewing the literature, then searching and examining historical research collections at a larger variety of institutions, as well as increased fieldwork is PageBreakPageBreakdemonstrated well by the current study. Primarily as a result of the rather brief 2010 fieldwork coupled with the study of at least eight additional institutional collections the number of species known from all of Mexico as well as from Oaxaca increased dramatically, 19% and 79%, respectively. After all examination of historical collections or “indoor collecting”, as it is sometimes called, is the result of many different collecting events (and methods) over many years by different collectors. Also targeted fieldwork by an expert produces significant increase in the known fauna in a relatively short time. The efficacy of the combination of these two aspects (examining new collections and new collecting) is demonstrated by the significant increase in Oaxacan Alticinae diversity by 79% for species and 84% for genera.

The three expert field collecting trips by the author in 1991, 1997, and 2010 were of different lengths and, in the case of 1991, at somewhat different seasons. In each case at least one day was spent collecting in the general vicinity of Oaxaca City, but the 1991 and 2010 field trips overlapped considerably geographically. Therefore, the increase in recorded Alticinae diversity for Oaxaca is due to the addition of a significant number of institutional collections examined as well as the intensive 7 days of fieldwork in 2010.

As mentioned above in the Introduction several previous studies of various members of the flora and fauna have demonstrated the high levels of endemism in southern Mexico, especially in Oaxaca. Again, the current study with its increased examination of institutional collections and additional targeted field collecting demonstrated a very large increase (almost 10 times) in apparent endemic species when limited to those only recorded from the state of Oaxaca. Of course, some of this is the result of the fact that many of these species could not be determined to species; therefore, only recorded as Oaxaca, and may either be new to science or previously rarely collected and they may in fact have somewhat broader distribution outside Oaxaca. However, when endemism is extended to the states directly surrounding Oaxaca, a more conservative and probably more realistic demonstration of Oaxacan Alticinae species endemism is revealed of 55%. Of these 41% (113 species) are currently known to be restricted to the state of Oaxaca and 14% (38 species) are known from Oaxaca and the surrounding states.

As mentioned above, one of the objectives of this study is to demonstrate how a variety of research strategies provides a comprehensive account of the diversity for particular region through a combination of researching historical literature, examination of historical collections, and fieldwork. Figure 7 illustrates this on the left-hand histogram through the total results of this study of Oaxacan species and genera of Alticinae. However, to demonstrate the effectiveness of targeted expert fieldwork the middle histogram bars show the 1991 (5 days), 1997 (2 days) and 2010 fieldwork by the author combined and those on the right-hand show the Alticinae diversity captured only for the more extensive (7 day) trip in 2010. The 2010 fieldwork produced 79% of the species and 90% of the genera collected during the author’s fieldwork. However, this may also reveal something about seasonality for collecting Alticinae in Oaxaca; that is, it is best earlier in the season (July rather than August), especially because the majority of collecting in 1991 was in the Sierra de Juárez, like in 2010.

As demonstrated in Figure 9 it is interesting to review the Alticinae taxa of Oaxaca and to note how many species are represented in each genus. For 26 genera (38%) there is only a single species known, whereas there is one genus that has 24 species (9 %) and 82 species PageBreak(30%) in 4 genera (6%) are represented by single genera. At this time it is not evident the exact cause of this, yet it is still of interest to see this U-shaped curve of species to genera.

Biogeographically it is not surprising that 81% of the genera of Alticinae in Oaxaca show a Neotropical affinity. Other Coleoptera groups also show a strong Neotropical affinity in Mexico overall such as for the species of Curculionidae (41%) (Anderson and O’Brien 1996) and Carabidae at the generic level (40%) are Neotropical (Ball and Shpeley 2000). The geographic position of the state of Oaxaca that includes the extreme “bottleneck” like constriction of the relatively flat Isthmus of Tehuantepec is apparently very important biogeographically and apparently even serves as a kind of transition zone between the more southern Neotropical fauna and the more northern Nearctic fauna. It is probably here that the strong Neotropical influence begins to filter northwards as indicated in Furth (2004) within the southern, more tropical climates of Veracruz and Guerrero. As reported in Furth (2006) the high species diversity in all of Mexico generally is in the southern states of Veracruz (198), Guerrero (141), Oaxaca (122), Chiapas (81), and Tabasco (81). This diversity is certainly influenced strongly by the Neotropical affinities of the taxa. As a result of the current study Oaxaca has jumped to first place among Mexican states as the most Alticinae-diverse, with 275 species – a combination of more extensive examination of collections and the 2010 fieldwork.

In this particular study the 2010 expert fieldwork was done only in one relatively small area of this large tropical state (Oaxaca), i. e., Sierra de Juárez. Given the fact that Oaxaca has many other kinds of habitats and geography (see Maps) one would expect the actual Alticinae diversity to be significantly greater. When other areas of Oaxaca are sampled and even more research collections examined this fact will certainly be realized.

The flora and fauna of Oaxaca is truly diverse demonstrated here by the Alticinae, but the people and culture of Oaxaca is also especially diverse and endemic as can be experienced in the annual festival celebrating this cultural diversity – the Guelaguetza (Figure 15).

Figure 15.

Guelaguetza festival, 2010, in Oaxaca City, performers of the indigenous ethnic group pictured here are from the Pinotepa Nacional people from southern Oaxaca.

List of genera and species names, species authors for Alticinae currently known from Oaxaca. Also listed in the columns are the known distribution in Mexican states outside of Oaxaca (see list below) for these standard state abbreviations), the sources for any records found by the author in various institutional collections (see Methods for abbreviations), and records from the author’s fieldwork indicated as DGF1991, DGF1997, DGF2010. OM sp.1 indicates a morphospecies name (one that cannot currently be associated with any already described species) found by the author in Oaxaca, Mexico, i.e., OM. Taxon names with a “?” afterwards have some question as to the correct determination of this species. A species with a “?” after the state acronym means that there is some question as to the certainty of the locality from that state. Author names for genera can be found in Furth and Savini (1996, 1998). The references for this Appendix are listed separately.

Taxon	Distribution	Literature source	Collections source	Author fieldwork
Acallepitrix OM sp. 1			UCB
Acanthonycha OM sp. 1			UCB
Acrocyum sallei Jacoby	OAX	Jacoby 1885
Alagoasa acutangula (Jacoby)	CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, JAL, MEX, MOR, NL, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM, UCB
Alagoasa bipunctata (Chevrolat)	CHIS, DF, OAX, SLP, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM, UCB
Alagoasa ceracollis (Say)	CHIS, DGO, MOR, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1885	USNM
Alagoasa chevrolati (Baly)	OAX, VER, YUC	Furth and Savini 1996	MCZ
Alagoasa clypeata (Jacoby)	CHIS, DGO, HGO, MICH, OAX, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1892	USNM, UCB
Alagoasa decemguttatus (Fabricius)	CHIH, CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, JAL, MEX, MOR, NAY, OAX, QROO, SON, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1886, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM, UCB, UCD, BYU
Alagoasa extrema (Harold)	MOR, OAX, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM
Alagoasa fimbriata (Forster)	GRO, MICH, MOR, OAX	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM
Alagoasa hoegei (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886
Alagoasa infirma (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886
Alagoasa lateralis (Jacoby)	COL, GRO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM
Alagoasa longicollis (Jacoby)	OAX	Jacoby 1886
Alagoasa seriata (Baly)	GRO, MOR, OAX, PUE, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, NHMB, UCB
Alagoasa tehuacana Bechyné	JAL, PUE	Bechyné 1955	USNM, BYU, CAS, UCB
Alagoasa violaceomarginata (Jacoby)	OAX	Jacoby 1886
Alagoasa virgata (Harold)	CHIH, CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, JAL, MEX, MOR, NAY, PUE, OAX, SIN, SLP, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1886, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM, NHMB
Alagoasa OM sp. 1			UCB
Alagoasa OM sp. 2			UCB, UCD
Alagoasa OM sp. 3			UCB
Allochroma balyi Clark	OAX	Jacoby 1886	BYU
Allochroma godmani Jacoby	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886
Allochroma hoegei Jacoby	DGO, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ
Allochroma semipunctatum Jacoby	OAX	Jacoby 1886
Allochroma OM sp. 1			BYU
Altica bimarginata (Say)	DGO, GRO, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ
Altica patruelis Harold	DF, GRO, GTO, MEX, MICH, OAX ?, PUE, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM
Altica rugicollis Jacoby	CHIH, OAX	Jacoby 1884	MCZ
Altica OM sp. 1			UCB
Asphaera abdominalis (Chevrolat)	AGS, CHIH, CHIS, COAH, COL, DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, HGO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, NL, OAX, SIN, SLP, TAMPS, VER, ZAC	Jacoby 1885, Jacoby 1892, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM, CAS, UCB
Asphaera abdominalis var.			UCB
Asphaera cyanopsis Harold	DF, DGO, OAX, SLP, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1885	MCZ, USNM
Asphaera icteridera (Harold)	CHIS, DGO, GRO, MOR, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1885, Pallister 1953	USNM	DGF 2010
Asphaera mexicana (Harold)	CHIS, DGO, GRO, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM, UCB, UCD
Asphaera polita Jacoby	OAX, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1885	MCZ
Asphaera reichei (Harold)	CHIS, DF, OAX, SLP, VER	Jacoby 1885	USNM
Asphaera OM sp. 1			AMNH
Asphaera OM sp. 2			USNM
Blepharida bryanti Furth	CHIS, OAX	Furth 1998
Blepharida flavocostata Jacoby	GRO, MEX, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE	Furth 1998
Blepharida godmani Jacoby	CHIS, OAX, VER	Furth 1998
Blepharida melanoptera (Fall)	MICH, OAX, SON	Furth 1998
Blepharida mexicana Jacoby	OAX, VER	Furth 1998
Blepharida punctatissima Jacoby	CHIS, OAX, VER	Furth 1998
Blepharida quatuordecimpunctata Jacoby	CHIS, OAX, VER	Furth 1998
Blepharida rhois (Forster)	CHIH, COAH, DGO, GRO, HGO, NL, OAX, PUE, QRO, SLP, TAMPS	Furth 1998
Blepharida trifasciata Jacoby	OAX	Furth 1998
Blepharida unami Furth	OAX, PUE	Furth 1998
Blepharida verdea Furth	GRO, MOR, OAX	Furth 1998
Cacoscelis flava Clark	OAX, TAMPS	Jacoby 1884	USNM
Cacoscelis varians (Jacoby)	OAX, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1891
Capraita conspurcata (Jacoby)	CHIS, DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, HGO, MEX, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM	DGF 2010
Capraita maculata (Harold)	CHIS, GRO, JAL, MEX, MOR, OAX, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1886	MCZ
Centralaphthona fulvipennis ? Jacoby	VER ?		MCZ, UCB
Centralaphthona mexicana Jacoby	COAH, DGO, GRO	Jacoby 1885, Jacoby 1891	MCZ: BYU
Centralaphthona obscuripennis (Jacoby)	GRO, MOR		USNM, CAS	DGF 1991, DGF 2010
Centralaphthona semipuncata Jacoby	JAL, VER	Jacoby 1891	MCZ, UCB	DGF 1991
Chaetocnema balyi Jacoby	COAH, DF	Jacoby 1892	MCZ, CAS, CDFA, BYU, UCB
Chaetocnema capitata Jacoby	DGO, GTO	Jacoby 1885	MCZ	DGF 2010, DGF 1991
Chaetocnema cephalotes Jacoby	PUE, SIN		NHMB, AMNH, UCB
Chaetocnema confinis Crotch	DF		USNM, BYU, CDFA
Chaetocnema fulvicornis Jacoby	DGO, GRO, GTO	Jacoby 1885		DGF 2010
Chaetocnema fulvilabris Jacoby	GRO, MOR, VER	Jacoby 1892	UCB, USNM
Chaetocnema minuta Melsheimer			CAS, UCB	DGF 2010
Chaetocnema OM sp. 1				DGF 2010
Chaetocnema OM sp. 2			BYU
Chaetocnema OM sp. 3				DGF 2010
Chaetocnema OM sp. 4			BYU
Chrysogramma septempunctata Jacoby	DGO, MOR, OAX, PUE	Furth and Savini 1996	USNM
Chrysogramma trifasciata Jacoby	OAX	Jacoby 1891
Cyrsylus recticollis Jacoby	CHIS, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1892	USNM, TAMU
Deuteraltica longicornis (Jacoby)	CHIS		USNM, TAMU
Deuteraltica OM sp. 1			TAMU
Dibolia championi Jacoby	OAX, VER	Parry 1974	USNM
Dinaltica OM sp. 1			BYU
Dinaltica OM sp. 2			USNM
Dinaltica OM sp. 3			BYU	DGF 2010
Dinaltica OM sp. 4				DGF 2010
Diphaltica nitida (Jacoby)	CHIS, DF, DGO, MICH, OAX, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM
Diphaltica OM sp. 1			CAS
Diphaulaca aulica (Olivier)			UCB	DGF 1997
Diphaulaca aulica cordobae Barber	CHIS, GRO, GTO, HGO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX, PUE, QROO, SLP?, TAB, TAMPS, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM, BYU, UCB
Diphaulaca wagneri Harold	CHIS, GRO, OAX, YUC	Barber 1941	NHMB	DGF 2010
Disonycha discoidea abbreviata Melsheimer	DGO, MEX, MOR, OAX	Jacoby 1884	MCZ
Disonycha antennata Jacoby	COL, DGO, GRO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884, Blake 1955	USNM
Disonycha brevilineata Jacoby	DGO, GRO, JAL, MOR, OAX	Jacoby 1884, Jacoby 1902, Blake 1955	MCZ, CAS
Disonycha brunneofasciata Jacoby	GRO, PUE, SLP	Blake 1955	USNM, UCB
Disonycha caroliniana (Fabricius)	DGO, NL, OAX, SIN, VER	Jacoby 1884	USNM
Disonycha collata<br/>(Fabricius)	CHIH, COAH, DF, DGO, GTO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE, TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1884, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM
Disonycha dorsata Harold	MOR, OAX, TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM, BYU
Disonycha figurata Jacoby	AGS, CHIH, CHIS, COAH, COL, DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX, SIN, TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1884, Pallister 1953, Blake 1955	MCZ, USNM, NHMB, UCB
Disonycha fumata fumata LeConte	BC, CHIH, CHIS, DGO, GRO, HGO, JAL, MEX, MICH, MOR, NL, OAX, PUE, SLP, SON, TAB, VER, ZAC	Blake 1955	USNM
Disonycha glabrata (Fabricius)	BC, BCS, CAMP, CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, JAL, MOR, NAY, OAX, PUE, SIN, SON, TAB, TAMPS, YUC, VER	Jacoby 1884, Blake 1955	MCZ, USNM, CAS, UCB, UCD	DGF 2010
Disonycha guatemalensis Jacoby	CHIS, GRO, MOR, OAX, VER?	Blake 1955	USNM	DGF 2010
Disonycha hoegei Jacoby	VER, OAX	Jacoby 1884
Disonycha leptolineata texana Schaeffer	DGO, GRO, JAL, MOR, NL, OAX, QROO, TAMPS, YUC	Blake 1955	USNM, CAS
Disonycha maculipes Jacoby	CHIS, VER	Jacoby 1891	USNM, AMNH, CAS, UCB
Disonycha militaris Jacoby	TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1884	USNM, UCB
Disonycha nigrita Jacoby			UCB	DGF 2010
Disonycha pluriligata LeConte	BC, CHIH, DGO, JAL, NAY, SIN, SLP, SON, VER	Furth and Savini 1996	MCZ, UCB
Disonycha politula Horn	AGS, CAMP, CHIH, DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, HGO, JAL, MEX, MOR, OAX, PUE, QRO, SLP, SON, TAMPS, VER, ZAC	Jacoby 1891, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM
Disonycha quinquelineata (Latreille)	CHIS, COL, GRO, OAX, QROO, TAB, TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1884, Blake 1955	MCZ, USNM
Disonycha scriptipennis (Jacoby)	CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, MOR, NAY, OAX, YUC	Jacoby 1891	USNM, NHMB
Disonycha subaenea Jacoby	DGO, GRO, MOR, OAX	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM
Disonycha teapensis Blake	OAX, SLP, TAB	Blake 1955	NHMB
Disonycha OM sp. 1			CDFA
Distigmoptera suturalis (Jacoby)	GRO, OAX	Jacoby 1892	NHMB
Dysphenges OM sp. 1				DGF 2010
Egleraltica OM sp. 1			BYU, UCB
Epitrix cucumeris (Harris)	DGO, GRO, MOR, PUE, VER	Jacoby 1891	MCZ, USNM, ZSMC, CDFA, UCB	DGF 1991, DGF 2010
Epitrix fasciata Blatchley	CHIH, DGO, NL, TAMPS	Maes and Staines 1991	USNM	DGF 2010
Epitrix robusta Jacoby	GRO	Jacoby 1891		DGF 2010, DGF 1997
Epitrix rufula Weise	DF, GRO, MOR	Jacoby 1891	USNM, UCB	DGF 2010
Epitrix OM sp.1			UCB
Epitrix OM sp.2				DGF 2010
Epitrix OM sp.3			CDFA	DGF 2010
Epitrix OM sp.4				DGF 2010
Genaphthona transversicollis (Jacoby)	CHIS, JAL, OAX, PUE		USNM, BYU, CDFA, UCB	DGF 1997
Glenidion flexicaulis Schaeffer	TAMPS, YUC		USNM, TAMU
Glyptina nivialis Horn	MOR		USNM	DGF 2010
Heikertingerella OM sp. 1				DGF 2010
Heikertingerella OM sp. 2			BYU
Heikertingerella OM sp. 3			UCB
Heikertingerella OM sp. 4			UCB
Hemiphyrnus elongatus Jacoby	OAX, TLAX, VER	Jacoby 1884
Hemiphyrnus sulcatipennis (Jacoby)	GRO, MEX, OAX	Jacoby 1891	NHMB, BMNH
Hemiphyrnus sydneyae Gilbert & Andrews			BYU
Hemiphyrnus tenuicornis Jacoby	HGO, OAX	Jacoby 1891	MCZ
Hypolampsis OM sp. 1			UCB
Hypolampsis OM sp. 2			BYU, USNM
Hypolampsis OM sp. 3			BYU
Hypolampsis OM sp. 4			BYU
Hypolampsis OM sp. 5			USNM
Iphitroides nigrocinctus Jacoby	GRO	Jacoby 1891	CAS
Kuschelina laeta (Perbosc)	TAMPS, VER	Heikertinger and Csiki 1940	MCZ, USNM, UCB
Kuschelina modesta (Jacoby)	CHIH, CHIS, DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, HGO, MEX, MOR, OAX, PUE, SLP, TLAX, VER	Jacoby 1886, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM	DGF 2010
Leptophysa hirtipennis (Jacoby)	OAX, VER		USNM
Longitarsus columbicus ? Harold	GRO		MCZ	DGF 2010
Longitarsus mexicanus Csiki	DF, DGO, GRO, GTO, HGO, MEX, MICH, MOR, PUE	Jacoby 1891	MCZ, NHMB, USNM, UCB	DGF 1997
Longitarsus varicornis Suffrian	TAB, VER	Jacoby 1885, Jacoby 1891	UCB
Longitarsus OM sp. 1			BYU
Longitarsus OM sp. 2			UCB	DGF 1997
Longitarsus OM sp. 3			CAS
Longitarsus OM sp. 4			UCB
Longitarsus OM sp. 5			UCB
Longitarsus OM sp. 6			USNM
Luperaltica longicornis (Jacoby)	CHIS, COL?, MOR?, OAX?		USNM
Luperaltica sylvia (Bechyne & Bechyne)			USNM, UCB	DGF 1997, DGF 2010
Luperaltica viridipennis (Jacoby)	OAX	Jacoby 1884
Luperaltica OM sp. 1			USNM
Luperaltica OM sp. 2			BYU
Luperaltica OM sp. 3			BYU, USNM
Luperaltica OM sp. 4			BYU
Lupraea frontalis (Jacoby)	OAX	Jacoby 1885	USNM
Lupraea fulvicollis ? Jacoby	VER		MCZ	DGF 2010
Lupraea guatemalensis (Jacoby)	CHIS, GRO, MOR, VER	Jacoby 1891	BYU, CDFA, USNM, UCB
Lupraea semifulva (Jacoby)	CHIS, OAX		USNM
Lupraea smithi (Jacoby)	GRO, MOR	Jacoby 1891	USNM	DGF 2010
Lupraea OM sp. 1			BYU
Lupraea OM sp. 2			UCB
Lupraea OM sp. 3			UCD
Lysathia jacobyi (Csiki)	DF, GTO, OAX, TAB, ZAC	Jacoby 1891	USNM
Lysathia occidentalis (Suffrian)	YUC		ZSMC, UCB
Macrohaltica patruelis (Harold)	DF, DGO, GTO, MEX, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE, VER	Jacoby 1884	USNM
Macrohaltica OM sp. 1			UCB
Margaridisa managua ? (Bechyné)	DGO, SLP		USNM	DGF 2010
Monomacra cupreata (Jacoby)	OAX	Jacoby 1891
Monomacra hoegei (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884
Monomacra mexicana (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884
Monomacra tibialis (Olivier)	OAX		USNM
Monomacra violacea (Jacoby)	CHIS, VER		USNM, BYU, CAS, UCB	DGF 2010
Monomacra OM sp. 1			UCB
Monomacra OM sp. 2			USNM
Neothona sp.	JAL, MICH, OAX, VER		USNM
Neothona OM sp. 1				DGF 2010
Neothona OM sp. 2			USNM, UCB
Nesaecrepida infuscata (Schaeffer)	CAMP, COL, GRO, JAL, MICH, OAX, TAB, TAMPS, VER		USNM, ZSMC, UCB
Notozona histrionica Baly	OAX, VER	Furth and Savini 1996	MCZ
Omophoita aequinoctialis aequinoctialis (Linnaeus)	CHIS, HGO, MICH, OAX, QROO, SLP, TAB, TAMPS, VER	Furth and Savini 1996	USNM, AMNH, BMNH, UCB, UCD
Omophoita cinctipennis (Chevrolat)	JAL, OAX, PUE, SLP, VER	Jacoby 1885	USNM
Omophoita octomaculata (Crotch)	OAX, TAB, TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1886	ZSMC
Omophoita quadrinotata centraliamericana Bechyné	OAX, TAB, VER	Bechyné 1955	USNM, BMNH
Omophoita recticollis (Baly)	CHIS, HGO, OAX, TAB, TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1885, 1891	USNM
Palaeothona chiriquiensis Jacoby				DGF 2010
Palaeothona rubroviridis Blake	DGO	Blake 1950		DGF 2010
Palaeothona rugifrons (Jacoby)	VER	Jacoby 1885	BYU, UCB, USNM
Palaeothona OM sp. 1			CDFA
Palaeothona OM sp. 2			USNM
Palaeothona OM sp. 3			BYU
Palaeothona OM sp. 4			BYU
Palaeothona OM sp. 5			UCB
Palaeothona OM sp. 6			BYU, CDFA
Pedilia inornata (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Duckett 1993 in litt.
Phrynocepha capitata Jacoby	CHIS?, GRO, JAL, OAX, TAB?	Jacoby 1884	USNM, UCB
Phrynocepha deyrollei Baly	AGS, CHIH, DGO, GRO, GTO, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE, SLP ?	Jacoby 1884, Pallister 1953	USNM, UCB	DGF 2010
Phrynocepha pulchella Baly	CHIS, COL, DGO, GTO, JAL, MICH, MOR, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884	USNM, NHMB
Phydanis bicolor Horn	OAX, TAMPS		USNM
Phydanis nigriventris Jacoby	GRO, OAX, SLP, SON	Jacoby 1891	USNM	DGF 2010
Phyllotreta aeneicollis Crotch				DGF 1997, DGF 2010
Phyllotreta pusilla Horn	AGS, BC?, CHIH, DF, DGO, HGO, MOR, OAX, ZAC	Chittenden 1923	USNM	DGF 1997
Phyllotreta OM sp. 1				DGF 2010
Phyllotreta OM sp. 2			UCB
Physimerus scabrosus (Clark)	DGO, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ
Physimerus OM sp. 1			CAS
Platiprosopus pallens (Fabricius)	GRO, HGO, MOR, OAX, PUE, VER	Furth and Savini 1996	USNM
Plectrotetra clarki Baly	DF, DGO, HGO, MOR, OAX, PUE, SIN, SLP, TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM
Plectrotetra guatemalensis Jacoby	MOR	Jacoby 1891	BMNH
Plectrotetra inaequalis Jacoby	OAX, TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1884	USNM
Plectrotetra multipunctata Jacoby	DGO?, MEX, MOR, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1891	MCZ, USNM
Plectrotetra submetallica Jacoby	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884
Prasona viridis Baly	VER	Jacoby 1886	USNM
Prasona OM sp. 1			BYU, USNM
Propiasus fulvus (Jacoby)	GRO	Jacoby 1892	USNM
Pseudorthygia nigritarsis Jacoby	GRO, OAX, TAMPS	Jacoby 1891	USNM	DGF 2010
Psylliodes convexior LeConte	BCS	Horn 1895, Furth and Savini 1998		DGF 1997
Resistenciana ornata (Jacoby)	PUE, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, BYU, USNM
Rhinotmetus modestus Jacoby	GRO, MOR	Jacoby 1892	MCZ	DGF 1991
Rhinotmetus OM sp. 1			BYU
Rhinotmetus OM sp. 2				DGF 1991
Rhinotmetus OM sp. 3				DGF 1991
Scelidopsis rufofemorata Jacoby	TAMPS, VER	Jacoby 1888	USNM, CAS
Sphaeronychus OM sp. 1			BYU
Sphaeronychus OM sp. 2			BYU, UCB, USNM
Stegnea OM sp. 1			TAMU
Strabala rotunda Blake	CHIS, COL, DF, GRO, JAL, NAY, NL, SLP, TAMPS, VER, YUC	Blake 1953	USNM, NHMB, ZSMC, UCB
Strabala rufa Illiger	CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, OAX, PUE, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1884, 1891
Syphrea burgessi (Crotch)	MOR, OAX, TAMPS		USNM
Syphrea cyaneipennis (Jacoby)	GRO, HGO, JAL, SLP, TAB, TAMPS	Jacoby 1891	USNM, BYU, CDFA
Syphrea flavicollis (Jacoby)	BCS, GRO, GTO, JAL, MOR, OAX, PUE	Jacoby 1884, Riley, Clark and Gilbert 2001	MCZ, USNM
Syphrea parvula (Jacoby)	JAL, TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1891	USNM, BYU, UCB
Syphrea smithi (Jacoby)	OAX, TAB, TAMPS	Jacoby 1891	USNM
Syphrea sublaevipennis (Jacoby)	OAX, VER	Jacoby 1891	MCZ
Syphrea teapensis (Jacoby)	OAX, SLP, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1891	USNM
Syphrea OM sp. 1			BYU	DGF 2010
Syphrea OM sp. 2			BYU
Syphrea OM sp. 3			CAS
Syphrea OM sp. 4			BYU
Syphrea OM sp. 5			BYU
Syphrea OM sp. 6				DGF 2010
Syphrea OM sp. 7			USNM
Syphrea OM sp. 8			BYU
Syphrea OM sp. 9			TAMU, USNM
Systena abbreviata Jacoby	PUE	Jacoby 1902	CDFA
Systena blanda Melsheimer	BC?, CHIH, JAL, MICH, NL, SIN, SLP?, SON, TAB, VER	Pallister 1953	USNM, UCB
Systena championi Jacoby	GRO, MOR, OAX, VER		USNM
Systena contigua Jacoby	CHIS, GRO, GTO, HGO, OAX, SON?, TAMPS, VER?, ZAC	Jacoby 1884	USNM, CDFA, UCB	DGF 2010
Systena gracilenta Blake	NL	Blake 1933, Furth and Savini 1998		DGF 2010
Systena nigroplagiata Jacoby	AGS, CHIH, DF, DGO, GTO, GRO, JAL, MICH, MOR, OAX, PUE, VER	Jacoby 1884, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM	DGF 2010
Systena pectoralis Clark	CHIS, GTO, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ
Systena puncticollis Jacoby	OAX	Jacoby 1884
Systena s-littera (Linnaeus)	CHIS, GTO, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM, UCB
Systena semivittata Jacoby	BCS, GRO, GTO, HGO, MEX, MOR, NL, OAX, SIN	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM, NHMB	DGF 2010
Systena subcostata Jacoby	MICH, MOR, VER	Jacoby 1884	USNM, CDFA, UCB	DGF 2010
Systena sulphurea Jacoby	CHIH, DGO, GRO, MOR, OAX	Jacoby 1891	MCZ, USNM, BYU	DGF 1997
Systena thoracica Jacoby	CAMP, HGO, PUE, QROO, TAB, VER	Jacoby 1884	MCZ, USNM, UCB
Systena variabilis Jacoby	CHIH, CHIS, COL, DGO, GRO, GTO, MICH, MOR, NAY, OAX, VER	Jacoby 1884, Pallister 1953	MCZ, USNM, ZSMC, UCB
Systena OM sp. 1			UCB	DGF 2010
Systena OM sp. 2				DGF 2010
Systena OM sp. 3			UCB
Systena OM sp. 4			UCB
Systena OM sp. 5			UCB
Systena OM sp. 6			UCB, USNM
Systena OM sp. 7			UCB
Systena OM sp. 8			UCB
Systena OM sp. 9			BYU
Systena OM sp. 10			UCB
Trichaltica zapotensis (Jacoby)			BYU, CDFA, TAMU, UCB, USNM
Trichaltica OM sp. 1			CDFA, TAMU	DGF 2010
Walterianella inscripta (Jacoby)	OAX, SLP, VER	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM
Walterianella sublineata (Jacoby)	OAX, TAB, VER, YUC	Jacoby 1886	MCZ, USNM, UCD
Walterianella OM sp. 1			UCB
New Genus A ? OM sp. 1			USNM
New Genus B ? OM sp. 1			UCB

Mexican States (Abbreviations):

; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .

Aguascalientes

Baja California

Baja California Sur

Campeche

Chiapas

Chihuahua

Coahuila

Colima

Distrito Federal

Durango

Guanahuato

Guerrero

Hidalgo

Jalisco

Mexico

Michoacan

Morelos

Nayarit

Nuevo Leon

Oaxaca

Puebla

Queretaro

Quintana Roo

San Luis Potosi

Sinaloa

Sonora

Tabasco

Tamaulipas

Tlaxcala

Veracruz

Yucatan

Zacatecas