Characterization of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 inhibitors.

Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is an inducible terminal synthase in PGE2 biosynthesis by inflammatory and cancer cells. Clinical and experimental data emphasize that mPGES-1 might be a valuable target, with improved selectivity and safety compared to traditional NSAIDs or selective COX-2 inhibitors, in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, different types of cancer as well as central symptoms elicited by peripheral inflammation. Since the first characterization of mPGES-1, the numbers of publications on mPGES-1 structure, pathogenic role and inhibitor development have increased exponentially; however, there are currently no selective mPGES-1 inhibitors available for clinical use. In this MiniReview, we focus on recent advances in the development of selective inhibitors of mPGES-1 activity, with the aim to discuss the effects of targeting mPGES-1 in different inflammatory models in vitro and in vivo.