Comparison of the analytical characteristics and clinical usefulness in tumour monitoring of fifteen hCG(-beta) immunoassay kits.

Fifteen immunoassay kits for serum hCG(-beta) measurements have been compared for their analytical characteristics and clinical usefulness in tumour monitoring. Three out of 13 radioimmunoassays and two sandwich hCG immunoassays represent the 'one-component' techniques for intact hCG detection since they are based on antiserum raised against intact hCG. Within this group, method-comparison slopes ranged between 0 X 149 and 0 X 374. The remaining 10 radioimmunoassays all apply antiserum against hCG-beta and are designated 'two (or more)-component' assays since they detect both intact hCG and the free beta-subunit ('total hCG'). For this reason these assays are of potential value for tumour monitoring. Additional criteria for this are: (1) the expression of assay results in terms of 1st IRP-hCG instead of the unstructured use of the 2nd IS or the 1st IRP-hCG-beta; (2) documentation of cross-reactivities especially for the free beta-subunits of hCG and hLH which are almost completely lacking; (3) establishment of the minimum detectable dose in the presence of normo-to-hypergonadotrophic hLH levels in serum (the 'clinical sensitivity') to allow the follow-up of tumour regression especially in the low-dose region. Method-comparison analysis for these assays revealed regression slopes between 0 X 001 and 0 X 873.