INTRODUCTION: Cholera outbreaks have occurred periodically in Uganda since 1971. The country has experienced intervals of sporadic cases and localized outbreaks, occasionally resulting in prolonged widespread epidemics. METHODS: Cholera surveillance data reported to the Uganda Ministry of Health from 2007 through 2011 were reviewed to determine trends in annual incidence and case fatality rate. Demographic characteristics of cholera cases were analyzed from the national line list for 2011. Cases were analyzed by district and month of report to understand the geographic distribution and identify any seasonal patterns of disease occurrence. RESULTS: From 2007 through 2011, Uganda registered a total of 7615 cholera cases with 181 deaths (case fatality rate = 2.4%). The absolute number of cases and incidence per 100 000 varied from year to year with the highest incidence occurring in 2008 following heavy rainfall and flooding in eastern Uganda. For 2011, cholera cases occurred in 1.6 times more males than females. The geographical areas affected by the outbreaks shifted each year, with the exception of a few endemic districts. No clear seasonal trends in cholera occurrence were identified for this time period. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an overall decline in cases reported during the 5 years under review. During this period, concerted efforts were made by the Ugandan government and development partners to educate communities on proper sanitation and hygiene and provide safe water and timely treatment. Mechanisms to ensure timely and complete cholera surveillance data are reported to the national level should continue to be strengthened.
INTRODUCTION: Cholera outbreaks have occurred periodically in Uganda since 1971. The country has experienced intervals of sporadic cases and localized outbreaks, occasionally resulting in prolonged widespread epidemics. METHODS: Cholera surveillance data reported to the Uganda Ministry of Health from 2007 through 2011 were reviewed to determine trends in annual incidence and case fatality rate. Demographic characteristics of cholera cases were analyzed from the national line list for 2011. Cases were analyzed by district and month of report to understand the geographic distribution and identify any seasonal patterns of disease occurrence. RESULTS: From 2007 through 2011, Uganda registered a total of 7615 cholera cases with 181 deaths (case fatality rate = 2.4%). The absolute number of cases and incidence per 100 000 varied from year to year with the highest incidence occurring in 2008 following heavy rainfall and flooding in eastern Uganda. For 2011, cholera cases occurred in 1.6 times more males than females. The geographical areas affected by the outbreaks shifted each year, with the exception of a few endemic districts. No clear seasonal trends in cholera occurrence were identified for this time period. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an overall decline in cases reported during the 5 years under review. During this period, concerted efforts were made by the Ugandan government and development partners to educate communities on proper sanitation and hygiene and provide safe water and timely treatment. Mechanisms to ensure timely and complete cholera surveillance data are reported to the national level should continue to be strengthened.
Authors: Godfrey Bwire; Mugagga Malimbo; Atek Kagirita; Issa Makumbi; Eric Mintz; Martin A Mengel; Christopher Garimoi Orach Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2015-07-20 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Paul F Horwood; Stephan Karl; Ivo Mueller; Marinjho H Jonduo; Boris I Pavlin; Rosheila Dagina; Berry Ropa; Sibauk Bieb; Alexander Rosewell; Masahiro Umezaki; Peter M Siba; Andrew R Greenhill Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2014-08-20 Impact factor: 3.090
Authors: Godfrey Bwire; Mohammad Ali; David A Sack; Anne Nakinsige; Martha Naigaga; Amanda K Debes; Moise C Ngwa; W Abdullah Brooks; Christopher Garimoi Orach Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2017-12-28
Authors: Benon Kwesiga; Gerald Pande; Alex Riolexus Ario; Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye; Joseph K B Matovu; Bao-Ping Zhu Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2017-07-18 Impact factor: 3.295