BACKGROUND: Cholera remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. We characterized the 2009 cholera outbreaks in Kenya and evaluated the response. METHODS: We analyzed surveillance data and estimated case fatality rates (CFRs). Households in 2 districts, East Pokot (224 cases; CFR = 11.7%) and Turkana South (1493 cases; CFR = 1.0%), were surveyed. We randomly selected 15 villages and 8 households per village in each district. Healthcare workers at 27 health facilities (HFs) were surveyed in both districts. RESULTS: In 2009, cholera outbreaks caused a reported 11 425 cases and 264 deaths in Kenya. Data were available from 44 districts for 6893 (60%) cases. District CFRs ranged from 0% to 14.3%. Surveyed household respondents (n = 240) were aware of cholera (97.5%) and oral rehydration solution (ORS) (87.9%). Cholera deaths were reported more frequently from East Pokot (n = 120) than Turkana South (n = 120) households (20.7% vs. 12.3%). The average travel time to a HF was 31 hours in East Pokot compared with 2 hours in Turkana South. Fewer respondents in East Pokot (9.8%) than in Turkana South (33.9%) stated that ORS was available in their village. ORS or intravenous fluid shortages occurred in 20 (76.9%) surveyed HFs. CONCLUSIONS: High CFRs in Kenya are related to healthcare access disparities, including availability of rehydration supplies.
BACKGROUND: Cholera remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. We characterized the 2009 cholera outbreaks in Kenya and evaluated the response. METHODS: We analyzed surveillance data and estimated case fatality rates (CFRs). Households in 2 districts, East Pokot (224 cases; CFR = 11.7%) and Turkana South (1493 cases; CFR = 1.0%), were surveyed. We randomly selected 15 villages and 8 households per village in each district. Healthcare workers at 27 health facilities (HFs) were surveyed in both districts. RESULTS: In 2009, cholera outbreaks caused a reported 11 425 cases and 264 deaths in Kenya. Data were available from 44 districts for 6893 (60%) cases. District CFRs ranged from 0% to 14.3%. Surveyed household respondents (n = 240) were aware of cholera (97.5%) and oral rehydration solution (ORS) (87.9%). Cholera deaths were reported more frequently from East Pokot (n = 120) than Turkana South (n = 120) households (20.7% vs. 12.3%). The average travel time to a HF was 31 hours in East Pokot compared with 2 hours in Turkana South. Fewer respondents in East Pokot (9.8%) than in Turkana South (33.9%) stated that ORS was available in their village. ORS or intravenous fluid shortages occurred in 20 (76.9%) surveyed HFs. CONCLUSIONS: High CFRs in Kenya are related to healthcare access disparities, including availability of rehydration supplies.
Entities:
Keywords:
Kenya; cholera; nomadic/semi-pastoral; outbreak; sanitation; water
Authors: Kevin Y H Liang; Fabini D Orata; Mohammad Tarequl Islam; Tania Nasreen; Munirul Alam; Cheryl L Tarr; Yann F Boucher Journal: J Bacteriol Date: 2020-11-19 Impact factor: 3.490
Authors: James D Stoltzfus; Jane Y Carter; Muge Akpinar-Elci; Martin Matu; Victoria Kimotho; Mark J Giganti; Daniel Langat; Omur Cinar Elci Journal: Infect Dis Poverty Date: 2014-10-01 Impact factor: 4.520
Authors: Gretchen Cowman; Shikanga Otipo; Ian Njeru; Thomas Achia; Harsha Thirumurthy; Jamie Bartram; Jackson Kioko Journal: Pan Afr Med J Date: 2017-10-03
Authors: Kathryn G Curran; Emma Wells; Samuel J Crowe; Rupa Narra; Jared Oremo; Waqo Boru; Jane Githuku; Mark Obonyo; Kevin M De Cock; Joel M Montgomery; Lyndah Makayotto; Daniel Langat; Sara A Lowther; Ciara O'Reilly; Zeinab Gura; Jackson Kioko Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2018-06-11 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Hudson Taabukk Kigen; Waqo Boru; Zeinab Gura; George Githuka; Robert Mulembani; Jacob Rotich; Isack Abdi; Tura Galgalo; Jane Githuku; Mark Obonyo; Raphael Muli; Ian Njeru; Daniel Langat; Peter Nsubuga; Jackson Kioko; Sara Lowther Journal: Pan Afr Med J Date: 2020-06-25