Partial portal vein arterialization in acute liver failure.

Experimental studies have shown that increasing the oxygen supply to the liver through partial portal vein arterialization (PPVA) enhances liver regeneration after extensive liver resection or drug intoxication. In the last two decades, several PPVA procedures were performed in humans with the aim to prevent or treat acute liver failure (ALF) following major hepatobiliary surgery or other etiology. The aim of this review was to analyze literature data on PPVA and report our experimental and clinical experience of this procedure. In this setting, we report our positive experience in the realization and clinical application of an extracorporeal device able to increase the oxygenated blood delivered to the liver through the umbilical vein and to support liver function in a man subjected to an extended liver resection. PPVA procedure has shown promising results in the treatment of ALF following major hepatobiliary surgery or from other etiology. Moreover, less invasive approaches to PPVA demonstrated to be safe and efficacy. It is clear that further investigations must be done to fully understand the potentiality of PPVA as a strategy to treat ALF.