Tien Y Wong1, Alberto Ferreira2, Rowena Hughes3, Gemma Carter3, Paul Mitchell4. 1. Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: ophwty@nus.edu.sg. 2. Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland. 3. Value Demonstration Practice, Oxford PharmaGenesis Ltd, Oxford, United Kingdom. 4. Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To summarize the epidemiology of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and their impact on vision. DESIGN: Systematic literature review of all English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia or myopic CNV. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE were searched with no time limits using predefined search strings for English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia and myopic CNV. RESULTS: In total, 39 relevant publications were identified. Population-based studies reported pathologic myopia to be the first to third most frequent cause of blindness. The prevalence of pathologic myopia was reported to be 0.9%-3.1%, and the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to pathologic myopia ranged from 0.1%-0.5% (European studies) and from 0.2%-1.4% (Asian studies). The prevalence of CNV in individuals with pathologic myopia was reported to be 5.2%-11.3%, and was bilateral in approximately 15% of patients. All studies of visual outcome in patients with myopic CNV (duration ranging from less than 3 months to 21.5 years) reported deterioration in best-corrected visual acuity over time. Older age, subfoveal CNV location, and larger baseline lesion size were predictors of worse visual outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Pathologic myopia is an important cause of vision loss worldwide, affecting up to 3% of the population. Of these, a substantial proportion of patients develop myopic CNV, which mostly causes a significant progressive decrease in visual acuity. This condition should therefore be a target for new treatment strategies.
PURPOSE: To summarize the epidemiology of pathologic myopia and myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and their impact on vision. DESIGN: Systematic literature review of all English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia or myopic CNV. METHODS: PubMed and EMBASE were searched with no time limits using predefined search strings for English-language studies evaluating the epidemiology and visual burden of pathologic myopia and myopic CNV. RESULTS: In total, 39 relevant publications were identified. Population-based studies reported pathologic myopia to be the first to third most frequent cause of blindness. The prevalence of pathologic myopia was reported to be 0.9%-3.1%, and the prevalence of visual impairment attributable to pathologic myopia ranged from 0.1%-0.5% (European studies) and from 0.2%-1.4% (Asian studies). The prevalence of CNV in individuals with pathologic myopia was reported to be 5.2%-11.3%, and was bilateral in approximately 15% of patients. All studies of visual outcome in patients with myopic CNV (duration ranging from less than 3 months to 21.5 years) reported deterioration in best-corrected visual acuity over time. Older age, subfoveal CNV location, and larger baseline lesion size were predictors of worse visual outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Pathologic myopia is an important cause of vision loss worldwide, affecting up to 3% of the population. Of these, a substantial proportion of patients develop myopic CNV, which mostly causes a significant progressive decrease in visual acuity. This condition should therefore be a target for new treatment strategies.
Authors: D S C Ng; C Y L Cheung; F O Luk; S Mohamed; M E Brelen; J C S Yam; C W Tsang; T Y Y Lai Journal: Eye (Lond) Date: 2016-04-08 Impact factor: 3.775
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