Benign intracranial hypertension.

Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) is a syndrome of intracranial hypertension that classically presents with headaches and visual disturbance. Physical examination discloses papilledema. Diagnosis is confirmed by a normal cranial computed tomographic scan or magnetic resonance image and the presence of a markedly increased opening pressure on lumbar puncture. Treatment is directed to underlying causes, hypertension, and withdrawal of offending medications. Repeated lumbar puncture, diuretic therapy, and surgery are occasionally used. Careful follow-up and visual testing are imperative.