BACKGROUND/AIMS: The increasing rate of overweight and obesity is alarming. The complications of overweight and obesity at a young age are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obese children aged 3-5 years. METHODS: The study population consisted of 75 children (29 overweight, 46 obese). We performed anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis as an indicator of body composition. IR was determined by the updated Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR). Cardiovascular risk factors were defined by the presence of increased serum triglycerides, blood pressure, and HOMA2-IR and by a decreased serum HDL cholesterol. RESULTS: An elevated HOMA2-IR was found in 7.7% of the children. HOMA2-IR was correlated with body mass index (r = 0.63), waist circumference (r = 0.62) and percentage body fat (r = 0.58) (all p < 0.001). Cardiovascular risk factors were present in 6.9% (triglycerides) to 74.3% (hypertension) of the children. CONCLUSION: IR and cardiovascular risk factors are already evident in many 3- to 5-year-old overweight and obese children. IR is strongly related to body composition.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The increasing rate of overweight and obesity is alarming. The complications of overweight and obesity at a young age are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular risk factors among overweight and obesechildren aged 3-5 years. METHODS: The study population consisted of 75 children (29 overweight, 46 obese). We performed anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis as an indicator of body composition. IR was determined by the updated Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR). Cardiovascular risk factors were defined by the presence of increased serum triglycerides, blood pressure, and HOMA2-IR and by a decreased serum HDL cholesterol. RESULTS: An elevated HOMA2-IR was found in 7.7% of the children. HOMA2-IR was correlated with body mass index (r = 0.63), waist circumference (r = 0.62) and percentage body fat (r = 0.58) (all p < 0.001). Cardiovascular risk factors were present in 6.9% (triglycerides) to 74.3% (hypertension) of the children. CONCLUSION: IR and cardiovascular risk factors are already evident in many 3- to 5-year-old overweight and obesechildren. IR is strongly related to body composition.
Authors: Lawrence Scahill; Sangchoon Jeon; Susan J Boorin; Christopher J McDougle; Michael G Aman; James Dziura; James T McCracken; Sonia Caprio; L Eugene Arnold; Ginger Nicol; Yanhong Deng; Saankari A Challa; Benedetto Vitiello Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2016-03-07 Impact factor: 8.829
Authors: Emma Loveman; Lena Al-Khudairy; Rebecca E Johnson; Wendy Robertson; Jill L Colquitt; Emma L Mead; Louisa J Ells; Maria-Inti Metzendorf; Karen Rees Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2015-12-21
Authors: Emma Mead; Tamara Brown; Karen Rees; Liane B Azevedo; Victoria Whittaker; Dan Jones; Joan Olajide; Giulia M Mainardi; Eva Corpeleijn; Claire O'Malley; Elizabeth Beardsmore; Lena Al-Khudairy; Louise Baur; Maria-Inti Metzendorf; Alessandro Demaio; Louisa J Ells Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2017-06-22
Authors: Lena Al-Khudairy; Emma Loveman; Jill L Colquitt; Emma Mead; Rebecca E Johnson; Hannah Fraser; Joan Olajide; Marie Murphy; Rochelle Marian Velho; Claire O'Malley; Liane B Azevedo; Louisa J Ells; Maria-Inti Metzendorf; Karen Rees Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2017-06-22