A model for cryobanking female germplasm in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).

Cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue can be used for cryobanking female germplasm of avian species. Here we report a model of cryobanking ovarian tissue of Japanese quail. Ovaries of 1-wk-old quail chicks from the recessive white-breasted (WB) line were cryopreserved using a vitrification method. The cryopreserved tissue was warmed and transplanted orthotopically into ovariectomized, 1-wk-old female quail chicks from the homozygous wild-type QO line. At sexual maturation, recipients were mated with WB males and the plumage coloration was used as a marker to determine the origin of their ovaries. Seven of the 15 recipients laid eggs and produced donor-derived offspring, and 5 produced 100% donor-derived offspring. No difference was seen in egg production between recipients and untreated birds. The high efficiency of the vitrification and transplantation procedures in preserving and recovering quail ovarian tissue shows that this model can be used for maintaining commercial and experimental quail strains and may benefit other poultry species and endangered avian species.