Inguinal hernia containing a kidney with a duplicated system: an exceptionally rare case.

An inguinal hernia is a commonly encountered surgical case, with multiple unusual contents being reported. We present an exceptionally rare case of an inguinal hernia. Computed tomography imaging of the 62-year-old male patient showed a large left inguinal hernia extending into the left scrotum that contained a duplicated left kidney. There was an associated large left hydrocele and incidental non-obstructive nephrolithiasis. Left nephropexy, left orchiectomy, and repair of the incarcerated left inguinal hernia with mesh placement via a preperitoneal (retroperitoneal) approach were performed. The patient was discharged to home on post-operative day 5 and the post-operative course was uneventful. We discuss a possible mechanism for this rare event.