The pattern of organ donation in a large urban center.

Despite increasing referrals for organ donation in metropolitan New York, procurement has remained essentially unchanged from 1983 through 1988 at 9 to 13 per million population, falling far short of increasing demand. This is not due to delay in the diagnosis of brain death, higher discard rates, or increased medical unsuitability, although exclusion because of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, or risk thereof, has increased and now accounts for 38% of exclusions. Consent for organ donation remains consistently low among blacks (24%), has increased among Hispanics from 17% in 1984 to 47% in 1988, and remains the highest, but without improvement, among whites. Causes for the observed stagnation and potential corrective factors include poorly focused educational efforts, lack of sensitivity to the grieving family by hospital personnel, physician frustration at the increasingly prominent role of government and its regulations in the practice of medicine, and eradication of competition between local organ procurement agencies.