[Neuropeptides Y, YY, PP and their clinical significance].

peripheral nervous system. Considering the structure and evolutionary origin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a peptide of the same family as peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). These proteins were discovered relatively recently, however, knowledge about them is deepened. They are 36-amino acid peptide acting through G-protein coupled receptors, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5 and Y6. The diverse structure C-terminus of the peptide and protein binding to receptors affect the biological activity and the physiological effects on the digestive system, blood vessels, and the center of hunger and satiety in the hypothalamus. Peptides have anorexic properties, they regulate appetite and food intake mainly through the intestinal cerebrospinal axis and the hypothalamus. These substances represent an important potential target of new drugs in the long-term treatment and prevention of obesity. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y affects many processes depending on the central nervous system modifies ethanol consumption, affect circadian rhythms, memory processes, anxiety behavior. Peripherally NPY affects smooth muscle contraction of the blood vessels, blood pressure, and atherogenic processes. Conducted more thorough research trying to define the role and participation of various neuropeptides in the development of diseases of the pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and use it for diagnosis.