OBJECTIVE: To characterize the long-term consequences of mild traumatic brain injury regarding post-concussion symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and quality of life; and to investigate differences between men and women. DESIGN: Retrospective mixed-methods study. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 214 patients with mild traumatic brain injury seeking acute care, 163 answered questionnaires concerning post-concussion symptoms (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire; RPQ), post-traumatic stress (Impact of Event Scale; IES), and quality of life (Short Form Health Survey; SF-36) 3 years post-injury. A total of 21 patients underwent a medical examination in connection with the survey. The patients were contacted 11 years later, and 10 were interviewed. Interview data were analysed with content analysis. RESULTS: The mean total RPQ score was 12.7 (standard deviation; SD 12.9); 10.5 (SD 11.9) for men and 15.9 (SD 13.8) for women (p = 0.006). The 5 most common symptoms were fatigue (53.4%), poor memory (52.5%), headache (50.9%), frustration (47.9%) and depression (47.2%). The mean total IES score was 9.6 (SD 12.9) 7.1 (SD 10.3) for men and 13.0 (SD 15.2) for women (p = 0.004). In general, the studied population had low scores on the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The interviews revealed that some patients still had disabling post-concussion symptoms and consequences in many areas of life 11 years after the injury event. CONCLUSION: Long-term consequences were present for approximately 50% of the patients 3 years after mild traumatic brain injury and were also reported 11 years after mild traumatic brain injury. This needs to be taken into account by healthcare professionals and society in general when dealing with people who have undergone mild traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the long-term consequences of mild traumatic brain injury regarding post-concussion symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and quality of life; and to investigate differences between men and women. DESIGN: Retrospective mixed-methods study. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 214 patients with mild traumatic brain injury seeking acute care, 163 answered questionnaires concerning post-concussion symptoms (Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire; RPQ), post-traumatic stress (Impact of Event Scale; IES), and quality of life (Short Form Health Survey; SF-36) 3 years post-injury. A total of 21 patients underwent a medical examination in connection with the survey. The patients were contacted 11 years later, and 10 were interviewed. Interview data were analysed with content analysis. RESULTS: The mean total RPQ score was 12.7 (standard deviation; SD 12.9); 10.5 (SD 11.9) for men and 15.9 (SD 13.8) for women (p = 0.006). The 5 most common symptoms were fatigue (53.4%), poor memory (52.5%), headache (50.9%), frustration (47.9%) and depression (47.2%). The mean total IES score was 9.6 (SD 12.9) 7.1 (SD 10.3) for men and 13.0 (SD 15.2) for women (p = 0.004). In general, the studied population had low scores on the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). The interviews revealed that some patients still had disabling post-concussion symptoms and consequences in many areas of life 11 years after the injury event. CONCLUSION: Long-term consequences were present for approximately 50% of the patients 3 years after mild traumatic brain injury and were also reported 11 years after mild traumatic brain injury. This needs to be taken into account by healthcare professionals and society in general when dealing with people who have undergone mild traumatic brain injury.
Authors: Brandon George Smith; Charlotte Jane Whiffin; Ignatius N Esene; Claire Karekezi; Tom Bashford; Muhammad Mukhtar Khan; Davi Jorge Fontoura Solla; Bhagavatula Indira Devi; Peter John Hutchinson; Angelos G Kolias; Anthony Figaji; Andres M Rubiano Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-03-04 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Karen M Barlow; Kartik Iyer; Tingting Yan; Alex Scurfield; Helen Carlson; Yang Wang Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2021-02-03 Impact factor: 4.869
Authors: Inga K Koerte; Vivian Schultz; Valerie J Sydnor; David R Howell; Jeffrey P Guenette; Emily Dennis; Janna Kochsiek; David Kaufmann; Nico Sollmann; Stefania Mondello; Martha E Shenton; Alexander P Lin Journal: J Neuroimaging Date: 2020-06-13 Impact factor: 2.486