Transscleral contact retinal photocoagulation with an 810-nm semiconductor diode laser.

Since the 810-nm wavelength has marked transmissibility through the sclera and absorption by melanin, it would be ideal for transscleral photocoagulation. We performed experiments to determine if consistent transscleral chorioretinal lesions could be produced in Dutch belted pigmented rabbits using the 810-nm laser, and if this modality caused less blood-retinal barrier disruption than retinal cryopexy of clinically equivalent treatment areas. The laser applications produced whitish to grayish-white retinal lesions when the surgeon, under direct visualization, used low powers and long durations (5 to 10 seconds), and controlled the treatment duration. Histopathologic evaluation of a lesion demonstrated an intact sclera overlying the chorioretinal lesion. Vitreous protein concentration, which was measured to assess blood-retinal barrier disruption, was significantly less in eyes treated with transscleral photocoagulation than in eyes treated with cryopexy of clinically equivalent treatment areas. We conclude that transscleral 810-nm laser treatment may be a viable clinical alternative to retinal cryopexy.