Robert D Sandler1, Xuemei Sui2, Timothy S Church3, Stacy L Fritz4, Paul F Beattie4, Steven N Blair5. 1. University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK. 2. University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. Electronic address: msui@mailbox.sc.edu. 3. Pennington Biomedical, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA. 4. University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. 5. University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Exercise Science, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between participation in flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities with the development of low back pain. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. METHODS: The cohort included 4610 adults, 17% female, between 20 and 81 years of age (mean 46.6, standard deviation 4.96). The cohort was followed for a mean of 4.9 years for self-reported low back pain. All participants reported at baseline whether they performed flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities, including specific sub-types. RESULTS: Neither general performance of flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities were associated with a higher incidence of low back pain compared to those who did not perform these activities. Those who reported stretching, as a specific flexibility activity were at a higher risk of developing low back pain compared with those who performed no flexibility exercises, reported callisthenic flexibility activities, or attended exercise classes. Those who reported using weight training machines, as part of muscle-strengthening activities, had a higher risk of reporting low back pain, compared with those who did not perform muscle-strengthening activities or performed callisthenic or free weight activities. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, stretching or use of weight training machines is associated with increased risk of developing low back pain compared to use of free weights, callisthenics or exercise classes.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the association between participation in flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities with the development of low back pain. DESIGN: Observational cohort study. METHODS: The cohort included 4610 adults, 17% female, between 20 and 81 years of age (mean 46.6, standard deviation 4.96). The cohort was followed for a mean of 4.9 years for self-reported low back pain. All participants reported at baseline whether they performed flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities, including specific sub-types. RESULTS: Neither general performance of flexibility or muscle-strengthening activities were associated with a higher incidence of low back pain compared to those who did not perform these activities. Those who reported stretching, as a specific flexibility activity were at a higher risk of developing low back pain compared with those who performed no flexibility exercises, reported callisthenic flexibility activities, or attended exercise classes. Those who reported using weight training machines, as part of muscle-strengthening activities, had a higher risk of reporting low back pain, compared with those who did not perform muscle-strengthening activities or performed callisthenic or free weight activities. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, stretching or use of weight training machines is associated with increased risk of developing low back pain compared to use of free weights, callisthenics or exercise classes.
Authors: M C Battié; S J Bigos; L D Fisher; D M Spengler; T H Hansson; A L Nachemson; M D Wortley Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 1990-08 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Clermont E Dionne; Kate M Dunn; Peter R Croft; Alf L Nachemson; Rachelle Buchbinder; Bruce F Walker; Mary Wyatt; J David Cassidy; Michel Rossignol; Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde; Jan Hartvigsen; Päivi Leino-Arjas; Ute Latza; Shmuel Reis; Maria Teresa Gil Del Real; Francisco M Kovacs; Birgitta Oberg; Christine Cedraschi; Lex M Bouter; Bart W Koes; H Susan J Picavet; Maurits W van Tulder; Kim Burton; Nadine E Foster; Gary J Macfarlane; Elaine Thomas; Martin Underwood; Gordon Waddell; Paul Shekelle; Ernest Volinn; Michael Von Korff Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2008-01-01 Impact factor: 3.468