INTRODUCTION: The distribution of infection by Histoplasma capsulatum in Brazil is heterogeneous, and the number of cases affecting immunocompetent individuals is relatively small. This study reports the epidemiological and clinical data regarding histoplasmosis in non-immunosuppressed individuals. METHODS: The study included only the immunocompetent patients with histoplasmosis who were diagnosed between 1970 and 2012 at a university hospital located in Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected retrospectively from the patient records. RESULTS: Of the 123 patients analyzed, 95 had an active disease that manifested in the different clinical forms of histoplasmosis. Men were the predominant gender, and most patients resided in the Northeast of the State of São Paulo and in the nearby municipalities of the State of Minas Gerais. The risk factors for acquiring histoplasmosis and prolonged contact in a rural environment were recorded in 43.9% and 82.9% of cases, respectively. Smoking, alcoholism, and comorbidity rates were high among the patients with the chronic pulmonary and subacute/chronic disseminated forms of histoplasmosis. Many patients achieved clinical cure spontaneously, but 58.9% required antifungals; the disease lethality rate was 5.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Immunocompetent individuals manifested the diverse clinical forms of histoplasmosis over a period of 4 decades, revealing an additional endemic area of this fungal disease in the Brazilian Southeast.
INTRODUCTION: The distribution of infection by Histoplasma capsulatum in Brazil is heterogeneous, and the number of cases affecting immunocompetent individuals is relatively small. This study reports the epidemiological and clinical data regarding histoplasmosis in non-immunosuppressed individuals. METHODS: The study included only the immunocompetent patients with histoplasmosis who were diagnosed between 1970 and 2012 at a university hospital located in Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected retrospectively from the patient records. RESULTS: Of the 123 patients analyzed, 95 had an active disease that manifested in the different clinical forms of histoplasmosis. Men were the predominant gender, and most patients resided in the Northeast of the State of São Paulo and in the nearby municipalities of the State of Minas Gerais. The risk factors for acquiring histoplasmosis and prolonged contact in a rural environment were recorded in 43.9% and 82.9% of cases, respectively. Smoking, alcoholism, and comorbidity rates were high among the patients with the chronic pulmonary and subacute/chronic disseminated forms of histoplasmosis. Many patients achieved clinical cure spontaneously, but 58.9% required antifungals; the disease lethality rate was 5.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Immunocompetent individuals manifested the diverse clinical forms of histoplasmosis over a period of 4 decades, revealing an additional endemic area of this fungal disease in the Brazilian Southeast.
Authors: Graziella Hanna Pereira; Valéria Pereira Barbosa Lanzoni; Elisa Maria Beirão; Artur Timerman; Marcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem Journal: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Date: 2015-12 Impact factor: 1.846
Authors: Fabiana Rocha-Silva; Sônia M Figueiredo; Thamara T S Silveira; Claudia B Assunção; Sabrina S Campolina; João P P Pena-Barbosa; Alexandre Rotondo; Rachel B Caligiorne Journal: Med Mycol Case Rep Date: 2013-12-14
Authors: Marcus de M Teixeira; José S L Patané; Maria L Taylor; Beatriz L Gómez; Raquel C Theodoro; Sybren de Hoog; David M Engelthaler; Rosely M Zancopé-Oliveira; Maria S S Felipe; Bridget M Barker Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2016-06-01
Authors: Thais Louvain de Souza; Regina C de Souza Campos Fernandes; Juliana Azevedo da Silva; Vladimir Gomes Alves Júnior; Adelia Gomes Coelho; Afonso C Souza Faria; Nabia M Moreira Salomão Simão; João T Souto Filho; Caroline Deswarte; Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis; Dara Torgerson; Jean-Laurent Casanova; Jacinta Bustamante; Enrique Medina-Acosta Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2017-04-13 Impact factor: 5.640