OBJECTIVE: The present understanding of inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis mainly relies on studies of adult patients. Therefore, we studied the balance between T-effector and regulatory cells in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry served to quantify the expression of immunological markers in mucosal biopsies and flow cytometry analysis was used in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: Colonic interleukin (IL)-17+, IL-22, and IL-6 mRNA upregulation and increase in the number of colonic IL-17 cells were demonstrated in both Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Likewise, colonic forkhead box P3 (FOXP3+) mRNA expression and the number of colonic FOXP3 cells were increased both in CD and in UC and were accompanied in CD also with increased numbers of FOXP3+CD25 High CD4 cells in peripheral blood. Ileal relation of IL-17/CD4 cells was increased only in CD. CONCLUSIONS: We showed activation of colonic IL-17/IL-22 axis and upregulation of FOXP3 to occur both in pediatric CD and in UC, indicating shared immunological characteristics. Upregulation of IL-17 was restricted to colon in UC, but existed in the ileum and in the colon in active CD.
OBJECTIVE: The present understanding of inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis mainly relies on studies of adult patients. Therefore, we studied the balance between T-effector and regulatory cells in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry served to quantify the expression of immunological markers in mucosal biopsies and flow cytometry analysis was used in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: Colonic interleukin (IL)-17+, IL-22, and IL-6 mRNA upregulation and increase in the number of colonic IL-17 cells were demonstrated in both Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Likewise, colonic forkhead box P3 (FOXP3+) mRNA expression and the number of colonic FOXP3 cells were increased both in CD and in UC and were accompanied in CD also with increased numbers of FOXP3+CD25 High CD4 cells in peripheral blood. Ileal relation of IL-17/CD4 cells was increased only in CD. CONCLUSIONS: We showed activation of colonic IL-17/IL-22 axis and upregulation of FOXP3 to occur both in pediatric CD and in UC, indicating shared immunological characteristics. Upregulation of IL-17 was restricted to colon in UC, but existed in the ileum and in the colon in active CD.
Authors: Steven X Cho; Ina Rudloff; Jason C Lao; Merrin A Pang; Rimma Goldberg; Christine B Bui; Catriona A McLean; Magdalena Stock; Tilman E Klassert; Hortense Slevogt; Niamh E Mangan; Wei Cheng; Doris Fischer; Stefan Gfroerer; Manjeet K Sandhu; Devi Ngo; Alexander Bujotzek; Laurent Lariviere; Felix Schumacher; Georg Tiefenthaler; Friederike Beker; Clare Collins; C Omar F Kamlin; Kai König; Atul Malhotra; Kenneth Tan; Christiane Theda; Alex Veldman; Andrew M Ellisdon; James C Whisstock; Philip J Berger; Claudia A Nold-Petry; Marcel F Nold Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2020-11-13 Impact factor: 14.919