Educating family physicians to recognize and manage depression: where are we now?

OBJECTIVES: To consider what the barriers are to effective depression education; to understand what attitudes, knowledge, and skills doctors need to acquire, and finally to examine what we currently know about effective ways of training family physicians (FPs) about depression.
METHODS: A narrative review of the published literature compiled from searching reviews and original articles was conducted using the following key words: education, training, attitudes, depression, and primary care. Further relevant articles were identified from reference lists.
RESULTS: The identified barriers are FPs' attitudes and confidence toward recognizing and managing depression, the way in which they conceptualize depression, and the difficulties they face in implementing change in the systems in which they work. We, as educators, can identify what FPs need to know, and this should include novel ways of organizing care. However, of key importance is the need to address how more effective interventions may be provided, recognizing that FPs may be starting from many different points on 3 differing continua of attitude, skills, and knowledge in relation to depression.
CONCLUSIONS: We have to not only ensure that the content of what we teach is perceived as relevant to primary care but also review exactly how we go about providing it, using methods that will engage and stimulate doctors at differing stages of readiness to acquire new attitudes, skills, and knowledge about depression. However, we still need to find better ways of helping FPs to recognize and acknowledge their educational needs. Further research is also required to thoroughly evaluate these novel approaches to tailoring educational interventions.