BACKGROUND: The 20-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale is widely used to measure diabetes-related emotional distress. The short-form PAID scale is helpful for the rapid screening of diabetes-related emotional distress in clinical settings. PURPOSE: This study developed and examined the psychometric properties of a short-form Chinese-version PAID (SF-PAID-C) scale. METHODS: The Chinese-version 20-item PAID (PAID-C) scale was administered to 855 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatoryfactoranalysis were then applied to develop the SF-PAID-C and evaluate its construct validity. The correlations between SF-PAID-C and the latest HbA1c close to the measurement of PAID-C (baseline HbA1c) 3 months and 12 months later were used to examine the concurrent and predictive validity of the SF-PAID-C. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the SF-PAID-C. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency. Test-retest on 24 patients was used to examine the stability of the SF-PAID-C. RESULTS: An 8-item SF-PAID-C was developed. The SF-PAID-C significantly correlated with the PAID-C (r = .941, p < .001), baseline HbA1c (r = .148, p < .001), 3-month HbA1c (r = .147, p < .001), and 12-month HbA1c (r = .142, p < .001). The sensitivity and specificity of the SF-PAID-C were 93.2% and 94.2%, respectively. The Cronbach's α and test-retest reliability of the SF-PAID-C were .85 and .93, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The SF-PAID-C is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to screen for diabetes-related emotional problem in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical settings.
BACKGROUND: The 20-item Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale is widely used to measure diabetes-related emotional distress. The short-form PAID scale is helpful for the rapid screening of diabetes-related emotional distress in clinical settings. PURPOSE: This study developed and examined the psychometric properties of a short-form Chinese-version PAID (SF-PAID-C) scale. METHODS: The Chinese-version 20-item PAID (PAID-C) scale was administered to 855 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatoryfactoranalysis were then applied to develop the SF-PAID-C and evaluate its construct validity. The correlations between SF-PAID-C and the latest HbA1c close to the measurement of PAID-C (baseline HbA1c) 3 months and 12 months later were used to examine the concurrent and predictive validity of the SF-PAID-C. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the SF-PAID-C. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess internal consistency. Test-retest on 24 patients was used to examine the stability of the SF-PAID-C. RESULTS: An 8-item SF-PAID-C was developed. The SF-PAID-C significantly correlated with the PAID-C (r = .941, p < .001), baseline HbA1c (r = .148, p < .001), 3-month HbA1c (r = .147, p < .001), and 12-month HbA1c (r = .142, p < .001). The sensitivity and specificity of the SF-PAID-C were 93.2% and 94.2%, respectively. The Cronbach's α and test-retest reliability of the SF-PAID-C were .85 and .93, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The SF-PAID-C is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to screen for diabetes-related emotional problem in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in clinical settings.
Authors: Eun-Hyun Lee; Young Whee Lee; Kwan-Woo Lee; Yong Seong Kim; Moon-Suk Nam Journal: Health Qual Life Outcomes Date: 2014-10-29 Impact factor: 3.186
Authors: Hazem A Sayed Ahmed; Samar Farag Mohamed; Sally Fawzy Elotla; Mona Mostafa; Jaffer Shah; Ahmed Mahmoud Fouad Journal: Front Public Health Date: 2022-02-25
Authors: Caroline B Terwee; Petra J M Elders; Marlous Langendoen-Gort; Ellen B M Elsman; Cecilia A C Prinsen; Amber A van der Heijden; Maartje de Wit; Joline W J Beulens; Lidwine B Mokkink; Femke Rutters Journal: Curr Diab Rep Date: 2022-07-11 Impact factor: 5.430
Authors: Qingqing Lou; Yufeng Chen; Xiaohui Guo; Li Yuan; Tao Chen; Chun Wang; Li Shen; Zilin Sun; Fang Zhao; Xia Dai; Jin Huang; Huiying Yang Journal: PLoS One Date: 2014-05-06 Impact factor: 3.240