Po-Han Chou1, Chih-Chien Lin2, Ching-Heng Lin3, Chia-Jui Tsai4, Chin Cheng5, Yi-Ping Chuo6, Chin-Hong Chan6, Tsuo-Hung Lan7. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 3. Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. 5. Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: tosafish@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common physical disease among psychiatric patients. OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and risk of GERD in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in Taiwan. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The study subjects included 4790 patients with MDD and 728,749 people in the general population during 2005. Distributions of GERD as well as age, gender, income, region of residence, and medical comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal disease, hyperlipidemia, and ischemic heart disease, in the 2 groups were examined by χ(2)-tests. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between MDD and GERD. RESULTS: The 1-year prevalence rates of GERD in patients with MDD and the general population were 3.75% and 1.05%, respectively. The prevalence rate of GERD was significantly higher in patients with MDD in all age, sex, insurance amount, region, and urbanicity subgroups (all p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with MDD were significantly associated with an increased rate for GERD ([Odds Ratio] = 3.16; 95% Confidence Interval = 2.71-3.68; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of GERD was significantly higher in patients with MDD. In clinical practice, psychiatrists should pay attention to the possibility of GERD symptoms, such as heartburn, regurgitation, or dysphagia, and should consider consulting Gastroenterology specialists when clinically indicated.
BACKGROUND:Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common physical disease among psychiatricpatients. OBJECTIVE: We conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and risk of GERD in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in Taiwan. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The study subjects included 4790 patients with MDD and 728,749 people in the general population during 2005. Distributions of GERD as well as age, gender, income, region of residence, and medical comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal disease, hyperlipidemia, and ischemic heart disease, in the 2 groups were examined by χ(2)-tests. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations between MDD and GERD. RESULTS: The 1-year prevalence rates of GERD in patients with MDD and the general population were 3.75% and 1.05%, respectively. The prevalence rate of GERD was significantly higher in patients with MDD in all age, sex, insurance amount, region, and urbanicity subgroups (all p < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with MDD were significantly associated with an increased rate for GERD ([Odds Ratio] = 3.16; 95% Confidence Interval = 2.71-3.68; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of GERD was significantly higher in patients with MDD. In clinical practice, psychiatrists should pay attention to the possibility of GERD symptoms, such as heartburn, regurgitation, or dysphagia, and should consider consulting Gastroenterology specialists when clinically indicated.
Authors: Harry D Green; Robin N Beaumont; Andrew R Wood; Benjamin Hamilton; Samuel E Jones; James R Goodhand; Nicholas A Kennedy; Tariq Ahmad; Hanieh Yaghootkar; Michael N Weedon; Timothy M Frayling; Jessica Tyrrell Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2020-08-01 Impact factor: 7.196