Two new species of the bamboo-feeding leafhopper genus Abrus Dai & Zhang (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from China.

Two new species of the bamboo-feeding genus Abrus Dai & Zhang, 2002, Abrus xishuiensis sp. n. and Abrus langshanensis sp. n., are described and illustrated from Guizhou and Hunan, South China. A checklist and a key to 13 known species are given.

Introduction

The bamboo-feeding leafhopper genus PageBreak was established by Dai and Zhang (2002) with six species from Hunan, Guangxi, Fujian, Guangdong and Gansu of China (type species: Dai & Zhang, 2002). To date, 11 species are recognized in the genus (Dai and Zhang 2002; Li and Wang 2006; Dai and Zhang 2008; Li et al. 2011) from southern China. Of them, Dai & Zhang, Dai & Zhang and Li & Wang, were recorded feeding on bamboo (Li et al. 2011).

During on-going studies on species biodiversity of the bamboo-feeding leafhoppers in China, some specimens belonging to undescribed species of the genus were found. The purpose of this paper is to describe two new species and to provide an identification key to the known species of .

Material and methods

In the present paper, terminology follows Li et al. (2011). Dry specimens were used for the description and illustration. External morphology was observed under a stereoscopic microscope and characters were measured with an ocular micrometer. Measurements are given in millimeters; body length is measured from the apex of the head to the apex of the forewing in repose. The genital segments of the examined specimens were macerated in 10% KOH, washed in water and transferred to glycerine. Illustrations of the specimens were made with a Leica MZ 12.5 stereomicroscope. Photographs of the types were taken with a Leica D-lux 3 digital camera. The digital images were then imported into Adobe Photoshop 8.0 for labeling and plate composition. The type specimens and material examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (IEGU).

Taxonomy

Dai & Zhang, 2002

http://species-id.net/wiki/Abrus

Abrus Dai & Zhang, 2002: 304;

Type species.

Dai & Zhang, 2002, by original designation.

Diagnosis.

For the diagnosis and relationships of see Dai and Zhang (2008: 38) and Zahniser (2007–present).

Distribution.

China (Gansu, Hunan, Fujian, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong).

World checklist of species of Dai & Zhang

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Guangdong).

: Li et al. 2011, Li and Wang 2006; China (Guizhou).

: Dai and Zhang 2008; China (Zhejiang).

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Guangxi).

: Li and Wang 2006; China (Fujian).

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Gansu, Guizhou and Hubei).

: Li et al. 2011; China (Guangxi).

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Hunan).

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Guangxi).

: Li and Wang 2006; China (Guizhou).

sp. n.; China (Hunan).

: Dai and Zhang 2002; China (Fujian, Sichuan and Zhejiang).

sp. n.; China (Guizhou).

Key to species of the genus (male)

(Modified from Dai and Zhang 2008)

sp. n.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:236C1818-2ED6-4197-953E-F64BE108CEF1

http://species-id.net/wiki/Abrus_xishuiensis

Figs 1–12

Figures 1–12.

sp. n. 1 Male habitus, dorsal view 2 Same, lateral view 3 Head and thorax, dorsal view 4 Same, lateral view 5 Face 6 Pygofer, lateral view 7 Valve 8 Subgenital plate 9 Style 10 Connective 11 Aedeagus,lateral view 12 Same, posteroventral view.

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, China: Guizhou, Xishui, Changqiangou (106°12'E, 28°19'N), 700m, on bamboo, 29 Sep. 2000, X.-S. Chen; paratypes: 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype.

Etymology.

The species is named after the type locality, Xishui, Guizhou Province in China.

Description.

Measurement. Body length including forewing male 9.02–9.25 mm (N = 4), female 9.35–9.90 mm (N = 3); forewing length male 7.62–8.10 mm (N = 4), female 8.00–8.40 mm (N = 6).

Coloration. Orange to yellowish brown (Figs 1–5). Crown with two pairs of similar blackish brown spots on anterior margin, along suture pale reddish orange. Eyes blackish brown, anterior angle pale reddish brown. Pronotum with pair blackish brown spots on anterior part, with short pale reddish orange stripe centrally. Scutellum with reddish orange marking centrally, transverse suture pale reddish orange. Inner and central anteapical cells at apex, third and fourth apical cells at base each with a dark brown spot.

Head and thorax. Crown length 0.7× medial width between eyes. Pronotum length 1.93× medial length of crown. Scutellum length 0.93× medial length of pronotum. Forewing length 3.87× medial width at widest part.

Male genitalia. Pygofer (Fig. 6) trapeziform in shape, with macrosetae along posterior margin and midventrally; posterior margin truncate; posteroventral process broad at base, acute apically, slightly curved dorsad, directed posterodorsad; membranous process at inner apex, slightly curved ventrally, broad at base, acute apically, apex acute. Genital valve (Fig. 7) broad triangular, posterior margin rounded, basal width 2.02× median length. Subgenital plate (Fig. 8) broad and short; outer margin rounded; with many macrosetae on lateral region. Style (Fig. 9) long; broad at base; PageBreakPageBreaknarrow at middle; apex slightly widening; apical margin rounded. Connective (Fig. 10) Y-shaped, shaft robust, arms well developed, shaft length 0.65× length of arm. Aedeagus (Figs 11, 12) with developed basal projection dorsally, about 2/3 length of aedeagal shaft; apex branched in dorsal view; dorsal margin with a stout tooth subapically, grooved at apical third; aedeagal shaft in profile (Fig. 11) slightly curved dorsad, slender, long, tapering apically; dorsal margin of apex with pair small processes, beak-like, directed dorsally; shaft with pair of lateral appendages subapically, each with apex branched. Phallotreme apical on ventral surface.

Host plant.

Bamboo ( C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao).

Southwest China (Guizhou).

Remarks.

This species resembles Li, 2011 in appearance, but can be distinguished by body size ♂ 9.02–9.25 mm, ♀ 9.35–9.90 mm (♂ 8.1 mm, ♀ 8.2 mm in biprocessus); pygofer with one process at posteroventral corner (with two processes in biprocessus); basal projection of aedeagus with apical appendages stout and short (slender and long in biprocessus); subapical appendages of aedeagal shaft branched at apex, without a small branch basally (not branched at apex, with a small branch at basal third in biprocessus).

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDFF6A6F-7337-4AAE-915F-FB2631FDE451

http://species-id.net/wiki/Abrus_langshanensis

Figs 13 –27

Figures 13–23.

sp. n. 13 Male habitus, dorsal view 14 Same, lateral view 15 Head and thorax, dorsal view 16 Same, lateral view 17 Face 18 Pygofer, lateral view 19 Valve and subgenital plate 20 Style 21 Connective 22 Aedeagus, posteroventral view 23 Same, lateral view.

Figures 24–29.

sp. n. and its host plant. 24, 25 Adult resting on leaf of bamboo 26, 27 Nymph resting on leaf of bamboo 28 View of the area where were captured, in Langshan, Xinning, Hunan, with sp. 29 View of the plant. Photograph by X.-S. Chen.

Holotype: ♂, China: Hunan, Xinning, Langshan (110°49'E, 26°22'N), on bamboo, sp., 6 Oct. 2010, X.-S. Chen and L. Yang; paratypes 1 ♂, 1 ♀, data same as holotype; paratype 1 ♂, Hunan, Xinning, Langshan, on bamboo, sp., 2 Oct. 2011, X.-S. Chen and L. Yang.

This species is named after the type locality, Langshan, Xinning, Hunan Province in China.

Measurement. Body length including forewing male 9.10–9.60 mm (N = 3), female 9.55 mm (N = 1); forewing length male 7.70–8.10 mm (N = 3), female 7.85 mm (N = 1).

Coloration.

Measurement. General color pale yellowish orange (Figs 13–17). Crown with two pairs of similar blackish brown spots on anterior margin. Eyes blackish brown, ocelli pale yellowish white. Face pale yellowish white. Inner and central anteapical cells at apex, third and fourth apical cells at base each with a dark brown spot.

Head and thorax. Crown medial length 0.58× width between eyes. Pronotum length 2.03× medial length of crown. Scutellum length 0.87× medial length of pronotum. Forewing length 4.00× medial width at widest part.

Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view (Fig. 18) narrower posteriorly; covered with macrosetae posteriorly, with several basoventrally dorsad of ventral margin; dorsal margin sinuate; ventral margin concave medially; with a small papillae posteriorly. Genital valve (Fig. 19) broad triangular; posterior margin slightly acute and rounded; PageBreakPageBreakbasal width 1.95× medial length. Subgenital plate (Fig. 19) broad and short; outer margin roundedly curved; with many macrosetae on lateral region. Style (Fig. 20) long; broad at base; narrowing apically; apex slightly recurved; apical margin acute and rounded. Connective (Fig. 21) Y-shaped; stem robust; arms well developed; length of stem 0.44× that of arm. Aedeagus (Figs 22, 23) without basal projection dorsally; aedeagal shaft in lateral view (Fig. 23) almost S-shaped; apex produced into a robust hook-like process. Phallotreme apical on ventral surface.

Bamboo ( sp.).

South China (Hunan).

This new species is similar to Dai & Zhang, 2008 in aedeagus having reduced or small basal projection dorsally, but can be distinguished by posterior margin of male pygofer without process (with stout process dorsally in breviolus); apical margin of subgenital plate rounded (truncate in breviolus); aedeagal shaft with apex hook-like, without pair of subapical appendages (with pair of subapical appendages laterally in breviolus).

1	Basal projection of aedeagal shaft shorter than half length of shaft, reduced or absent (Fig. 23)	2
–	Basal projection of aedeagal shaft equal to or longer than half length of shaft (Fig. 11)	3
2	Subgenital plate short, with posterior margin truncate	Abrus breviolus
–	Subgenital plate moderately long, with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 19)	Abrus langshanensis sp. n.
3	Aedeagal shaft about half length of basal projection, apical appendages extended posterad	Abrus brevis
–	Aedeagal shaft as long as or longer than basal projection, apical appendages extended basolaterad (Figs 11, 12)	4
4	Pygofer with one long process at each posterodorsal margin	Abrus wuyiensis
–	Pygofer without processes at posterodorsal margin (Fig. 6)	5
5	Pygofer with one pair of processes at each posteroventral margin	Abrus biprocessus
–	Pygofer with one process or without processes at each posteroventral margin	6
6	Apical appendages of aedeagus branched at apex (Figs 11, 12)	7
–	Apical appendages of aedeagus not branched at apex	10
7	Apical appendages of aedeagus with small process at base	8
–	Apical appendages of aedeagus without process at base (Figs 11, 12)	Abrus xishuiensis sp. n.
8	Pygofer with long process at posteroventral corner; basal projection of aedeagus short, about half length of shaft Abrus coneus
–	Pygofer without long process at posteroventral corner, basal projection of aedeagus as long as shaft	9
9	Basal projection of aedeagus with pair of triangular appendages laterally at midlength, aedeagal shaft without ventral flange at apex Abrus bifurcatus
–	Basal projection of aedeagus without appendage laterally at midlength, aedeagal shaft with ventral triangular flange at apex	Abrus concavelus
10	Pygofer without process at ventral margin	11
–	Pygofer with process at ventral margin	12
11	Apical appendages of aedeagus directed dorsally, basal projection of aedeagus without lateral appendages in ventral view	Abrus leigongshanensis
–	Apical appendages of aedeagus directed lateroventrally, basal projection of aedeagus with lateral appendages in ventral view	Abrus graciaedeagus
12	Pygofer with process at caudoventral margin; basal projection of aedeagus dentate along ventral margin and with lateral appendages directed ventrally	Abrus huangi
–	Pygofer with digitate process in the middle of ventral margin; basal projection of aedeagus with a long process subapically and lateral appendages directed dorsally	Abrus hengshanensis