Uremic neuropathy.

Polyneuropathy is a common complication of end-stage renal failure especially when treatment with periodic hemodialysis is started too late. Large myelinated fibers bear the brunt of the many biological changes associated with renal failure. Nerve conduction slowing is common in this setting. Compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel commonly occurs in these patients, as a result of amyloid deposits at this site. End-stage renal failure in diabetic patients is often associated with severe distal motor and sensory deficits. Improved quality of periodic hemodialysis and renal transplantation have dramatically reduced the prevalence and severity of peripheral neuropathy in these patients.