The anxiogenic effects of caffeine.

The contrast of attitudes to the psychiatric effects of caffeine between North America and Britain is highlighted. A summary of the dietary sources, pharmacology and effects on caffeine on normal subjects is given. The emphasis in normal subjects is on the acute, chronic, toxic and withdrawal effects. With this background information, a more specific evaluation of the anxiogenic effects are discussed. In conclusion, the case is made for a trial of caffeine abstention to become part of the management of anxious patients.