Microwave-assisted synthesis involving immobilized catalysts.

The review highlights solid-phase/heterogeneous catalysts, supported, immobilized and/or impregnated on a variety of supports of inorganic and/or organic nature, applied in organic synthesis induced by microwave heating. The application of solid-phase catalysts in combination with microwave irradiation has been described encompassing different chemistries of interest. More importantly, the advantages and limitations of using such catalysts often in comparison with their homogeneous analogues have been discussed. The review also illustrates the diversity of organic transformations achieved by microwave heating.