Arvind Sehgal1, Tejas Doctor, Samuel Menahem. 1. Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: Arvind.Sehgal@monash.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties between term-born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Our hypothesis was that adaptation to intrauterine growth restriction induces changes in cardiac and arterial indices. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac and arterial indices in SGA infants and AGA infants. Demographic and echocardiographic data were compared between 20 inborn term SGA infants with birth weight <3rd percentile for gestational age and 20 AGA infants. RESULTS: The Ponderal index was significantly lower and blood pressure was significantly higher in the SGA infants compared with the AGA infants. Left ventricular output was lower in the SGA infants (170 ± 31 mL/kg/min vs 197 ± 39 mL/kg/min). Diastolic dysfunction was greater in the SGA infants (ie, reduced E and A wave velocities, higher E/A ratio [1.08 ± 0.16 vs 0.85 ± 0.07], and prolonged isovolumic relaxation time [73 ± 6.2 ms vs 62.6 ± 3.6 ms]). Aortic intima-media thickness was significantly greater in the SGA infants (822 ± 105 μm vs 694 ± 52 μm), as were arterial wall stiffness index and input impedance. CONCLUSION: Cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties were altered in the SGA infants. The findings complement the information on the association between in utero growth and cardiovascular morbidity in later life.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties between term-born appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Our hypothesis was that adaptation to intrauterine growth restriction induces changes in cardiac and arterial indices. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective observational echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac and arterial indices in SGA infants and AGA infants. Demographic and echocardiographic data were compared between 20 inborn term SGA infants with birth weight <3rd percentile for gestational age and 20 AGA infants. RESULTS: The Ponderal index was significantly lower and blood pressure was significantly higher in the SGA infants compared with the AGA infants. Left ventricular output was lower in the SGA infants (170 ± 31 mL/kg/min vs 197 ± 39 mL/kg/min). Diastolic dysfunction was greater in the SGA infants (ie, reduced E and A wave velocities, higher E/A ratio [1.08 ± 0.16 vs 0.85 ± 0.07], and prolonged isovolumic relaxation time [73 ± 6.2 ms vs 62.6 ± 3.6 ms]). Aortic intima-media thickness was significantly greater in the SGA infants (822 ± 105 μm vs 694 ± 52 μm), as were arterial wall stiffness index and input impedance. CONCLUSION: Cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties were altered in the SGA infants. The findings complement the information on the association between in utero growth and cardiovascular morbidity in later life.
Authors: Graeme R Polglase; Beth J Allison; Elise Coia; Anqi Li; Graham Jenkin; Atul Malhotra; Arvind Sehgal; Martin Kluckow; Andrew W Gill; Stuart B Hooper; Suzanne L Miller Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2016-05-16 Impact factor: 3.756
Authors: Tarek Alsaied; Khaled Omar; Jeanne F James; Robert B Hinton; Timothy M Crombleholme; Mounira Habli Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2017-01-18 Impact factor: 3.756
Authors: Kaarin Mäkikallio; Jyotsna Shah; Cameron Slorach; Hong Qin; John Kingdom; Sarah Keating; Ed Kelly; Cedric Manlhiot; Andrew Redington; Edgar Jaeggi Journal: Heart Vessels Date: 2015-09-19 Impact factor: 2.037
Authors: Sarah E Haskell; Veronica Peotta; Benjamin E Reinking; Catherine Zhang; Vivian Zhu; Elizabeth J Kenkel; Robert D Roghair Journal: Clin Sci (Lond) Date: 2016-01-21 Impact factor: 6.124