Literature DB >> 23878462

Authors' reply.

Mustafa Komur1, Ali E Arslankoylu, Cetin Okuyaz.   

Abstract

Entities:  

Year:  2013        PMID: 23878462      PMCID: PMC3713688     

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol        ISSN: 0970-9185


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Dear Editor, We read with interest the letter about our article entitled “Midazolam-induced acute dystonia reversed by diazepam,”[1] in which the authors recommend us to search for another cause of acute dystonia in our case. In fact, we excluded the primary and secondary causes of acute dystonia before we attributed the acute dystonia to midazolam. There were no causes of the secondary dystonia as metabolic diseases, toxins, trauma, and infections. No drug known to cause dystonia, except midazolam had been administered to patient. Primary dystonia was excluded because there was no history of consanguinity and neurological disorders including dystonia in the family, and magnetic resonance imaging brain was normal. There was no history of neurologic disorder in the past. Midazolam-induced acute dystonia is rare, and there are only a few cases in the literature about the midazolam-induced acute dystonia.[2-4] Although midazolam and diazepam are both in benzodiazepin family, we used diazepam because acute dystonia persisted despite flumazenil and biperiden lactate admistration. Diazepam has anti-dyskinetic effects and was shown to be effective in the treatment of acute dystonia previously.[56] The authors are right that both midazolam and diazepam act at the same receptor and theoretically should show the same response, but diazepam has anti-dyskinetic effects. We think that this effect may be explained by the structural heterogenity of GABAA receptors. Further studies are needed for the detailed explanation of this subject. We used a higher than the recommended dose of midazolam for premedication because enough sedation couldn’t be obtained till a total of 0.2 mg/kg midazolam was administered.
  5 in total

1.  Acute dystonia induced by midazolam and abolished by flumazenil.

Authors:  I H Stolarek; M J Ford
Journal:  BMJ       Date:  1990-03-03

2.  Subcutaneous midazolam as a cause of extrapyramidal side effects in a patient with prostate cancer.

Authors:  Duncan J F Brown; Dorothy McArthur; Helen Moulsdale
Journal:  J Pain Symptom Manage       Date:  2007-06-28       Impact factor: 3.612

3.  Midazolam-induced extrapyramidal side effects.

Authors:  Eric E Prommer
Journal:  J Pain Symptom Manage       Date:  2008-08-26       Impact factor: 3.612

Review 4.  Treatment of dystonia.

Authors:  Joseph Jankovic
Journal:  Lancet Neurol       Date:  2006-10       Impact factor: 44.182

5.  In response to: Midazolam-induced acute dystonia reversed by diazepam.

Authors:  Samridhi Nanda; Chhavi Sawhney; Chandni Sinha
Journal:  J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol       Date:  2013-04
  5 in total

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