Seasonal changes in infrapopulations of Diplozoon kashmirensis Kaw, 1950 (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) along a eutrophic gradient.

Seasonal population dynamics of the monogenean, Diplozoon kashmirensis Kaw, on the gills of two cyprinid fish species, Schizothorax niger Heckel and Carassius carassius (Linnaeus), was investigated in three limnologically distinct trophic habitats located along the flood plain of River Jhelum in Kashmir from June 2006 to May 2008. The parasite infrapopulations exhibited a marked seasonal regime in infestation pattern as the infection indices increased to a much higher plateau during summer season at all the lakes, while the lows were recorded in winter. The heterogeneity in infection pattern indicates that water temperature is an important determinant of the seasonality of infrapopulations at all the localities. Furthermore, the results of our work clearly indicate that the parasite infrapopulations increased proportionally with eutrophication level and, as such, the highly eutrophic habitat, Anchar Lake, was significantly more favourable for parasite infrapopulations than the less eutrophic ones. However, the lakes presented no significant interlake differences in water temperature. Therefore, we could argue that interlake differences in the infestation pattern of parasite can be safely attributed to respective water quality in the lakes rather than water temperature. We propose that infrapopulations of the diplozoid studied herein do respond to differences in water quality of lakes and, thus, could qualify as simple and reliable indicator species in short-term comparative assays by lake managers.