Literature DB >> 23869320

The diagnosis of Charles Bonnet syndrome in visual field defects.

Louis W Lim1, Kelvin Z Li, Colin S Tan.   

Abstract

Entities:  

Year:  2013        PMID: 23869320      PMCID: PMC3712394          DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.111686

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Indian J Endocrinol Metab        ISSN: 2230-9500


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Sir, We read with interest the article by Farida et al.[1] describing Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) in a patient with pituitary tumor and agree that physicians should ask about the occurrence of these hallucinations in patients with visual loss or visual field defects. The prevalence of CBS is highly variable in the literature, and depends on the population and type of patients seen. It has been reported to be as low as 0.4% in a general ophthalmology clinic.[2] Some authors have suggested that the dynamic change in visual acuity rather than the absolute level of visual acuity may be associated with the occurrence of visual hallucinations.[34] It is not clear when the hallucinations began in this patient, but it is interesting that these hallucinations persisted for at least a period after tumor shrinkage. It is possible that the increased sensitivity of surviving neurons may have resulted in the any visual stimuli being perceived as hallucinations, and the hallucinations may discontinue once visual recovery ceases.[34] In some patients with visual field defects, the visual hallucinations have been localized to the area of visual field defect.[3] It would be interesting to know whether the hallucinations in this patient occurred in any particular area of his visual field or if they were more generalized. It is important to point out that although CBS typically occurs more commonly in older people, it has been described in younger patients[2] even those in the pediatric age group.[5] Hence it is important to consider this diagnosis when patients with reduced visual acuity or visual field defects report visual hallucinations. We agree with the authors that it is important to reassure patients that these hallucinations are known to occur and are not a sign of psychiatric disease. Very often, reassurance is a very important component of the management of CBS and drugs may not be required.[2] If they are not asked, patients are often reluctant to discuss their symptoms, as they are afraid of being labeled “mad” or have the stigma of a psychiatric disease.[2] In conclusion, it is very important for physicians to be aware of CBS and gentle reassurance is an important component of its management.
  5 in total

1.  Dynamic changes in visual acuity as the pathophysiologic mechanism in Charles Bonnet syndrome (visual hallucinations).

Authors:  Colin S H Tan; Bernhard A Sabel
Journal:  Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci       Date:  2005-08-04       Impact factor: 5.270

2.  Visual hallucinations during visual recovery after central retinal artery occlusion.

Authors:  Colin S H Tan; Bernhard A Sabel; Kong-Yong Goh
Journal:  Arch Neurol       Date:  2006-04

3.  Charles Bonnet syndrome in Asian patients in a tertiary ophthalmic centre.

Authors:  C S H Tan; V S Y Lim; D Y M Ho; E Yeo; B Y Ng; K G Au Eong
Journal:  Br J Ophthalmol       Date:  2004-10       Impact factor: 4.638

Review 4.  The Charles Bonnet syndrome: 'phantom visual images'.

Authors:  G Schultz; R Melzack
Journal:  Perception       Date:  1991       Impact factor: 1.490

5.  Charles Bonnet syndrome: An under reported entity in endocrinology.

Authors:  Farida Chentli; Chentli Farida; Faiza Belhimer; Belhimer Faiza; Ilyes Bekkaye; Bekkaye Ilyes; Said Azzoug; Azzoug Said
Journal:  Indian J Endocrinol Metab       Date:  2012-09
  5 in total
  1 in total

1.  Multimodal Hallucinations in a Visually Impaired Elderly Female: Is it a Variant of Charles Bonnet Syndrome?

Authors:  Sukanto Sarkar; Eswaran Subramanium; Kirti Nath Jha
Journal:  Indian J Psychol Med       Date:  2017 May-Jun
  1 in total

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