Oxygen uptake and heart rate responses to treadmill and water running.

The relationship between heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (VO2) was assessed during treadmill running and during running-like motions in water without ground support. Athletes self-selected easy, moderate and hard efforts during water running. While there was a linear relationship between HR and VO2 in both exercise conditions, there was considerable between-subject variability of the slope and intercept of the linear regressions. These data are taken to indicate that HR for a given VO2 during water compared to land running is influenced in large part by the skill of the athlete in the water running activity.