Torsional malunion of a femur fracture: diagnosis and treatment.

Angulatory malunion and overgrowth deformity following skeletal traction or hip spica treatment of pediatric femoral shaft fractures have been reported often. Torsional deformity following such fractures is less common. Accurate diagnostic measurement and the value of treatment are controversial issues. We present a case of symptomatic torsional deformity, describe a method for accurate calculation of the magnitude of the deformity, and discuss treatment guidelines.