Leishman-Donovan bodies at bone marrow examination.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease and often seen in developing countries and tropic areas. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of this disease, which is fatal if left untreated. In this report, we describe an 11-month-old infant with poor growth, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly. Microscopic examination of bone marrow revealed intracellular and extracellular Leishmania amastigotes. VL should be considered when a child presents with fever, failure to thrive, organomegaly, and pancytopenia.