Hierarchical tube-in-tube structures prepared by electrophoretic deposition of nanostructured titanates into a TiO2 nanotube array.

Multiwalled nanotubular titanates have been incorporated inside the pores of a wide TiO2 nanotube array using electrophoretic deposition under vigorous stirring. The resulting hierarchical electrodes combine both benefits of open channels for rapid transport of ions and high specific surface area.