Alan White1, Martin McKee2, Bruno de Sousa3, Richard de Visser4, Richard Hogston5, Svend Aage Madsen6, Péter Makara7, Noel Richardson8, Witold Zatoński9, Gary Raine5. 1. 1 Centre for Men's Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds LS2 8NU, UK a.white@leedsmet.ac.uk. 2. 2 London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. 3. 3 Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. 4. 4 School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK. 5. 1 Centre for Men's Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds LS2 8NU, UK. 6. 5 Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 7. 6 Institute of Public Health, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. 8. 7 Centre for Men's Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland. 9. 8 Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland9 European Health Inequalities Observatory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A feature of the health of men across Europe is their higher rates of premature mortality and shorter life expectancy at birth than women. Following the publication of the first State of Men's Health in Europe report, we sought to explore possible reasons. METHOD: We analyzed trends in life expectancy at birth in 19 European Union member states (EU19) between 1999 and 2008 using mortality data obtained from Eurostat. We then used Pollard's decomposition method to identify the contribution of deaths from different causes and at different age groups to differences in life expectancy. RESULTS: Between 1999 and 2008, life expectancy at birth in the EU19 increased by 2.74 years for men and by 2.09 years for women. Most of these improvements were due to reductions in mortality at ages >60, with cardiovascular disease accounting for approximately half these improvements for men. In 2008, life expectancy of men in the EU19 was 5.92 years lower than that of women. Deaths from all major groups of causes, and at all ages, contributed to this gap, with external causes contributing 0.96 years, cardiovascular disease 1.80 years and neoplasms 1.61 years. CONCLUSION: Improvements in the life expectancy at birth of men and women have mostly occurred at older ages. There has been little improvement in the high rate of premature death in younger men, suggesting a need for interventions to tackle their high death rate.
BACKGROUND: A feature of the health of men across Europe is their higher rates of premature mortality and shorter life expectancy at birth than women. Following the publication of the first State of Men's Health in Europe report, we sought to explore possible reasons. METHOD: We analyzed trends in life expectancy at birth in 19 European Union member states (EU19) between 1999 and 2008 using mortality data obtained from Eurostat. We then used Pollard's decomposition method to identify the contribution of deaths from different causes and at different age groups to differences in life expectancy. RESULTS: Between 1999 and 2008, life expectancy at birth in the EU19 increased by 2.74 years for men and by 2.09 years for women. Most of these improvements were due to reductions in mortality at ages >60, with cardiovascular disease accounting for approximately half these improvements for men. In 2008, life expectancy of men in the EU19 was 5.92 years lower than that of women. Deaths from all major groups of causes, and at all ages, contributed to this gap, with external causes contributing 0.96 years, cardiovascular disease 1.80 years and neoplasms 1.61 years. CONCLUSION: Improvements in the life expectancy at birth of men and women have mostly occurred at older ages. There has been little improvement in the high rate of premature death in younger men, suggesting a need for interventions to tackle their high death rate.
Authors: Giovanni Mento; Lisa Toffoli; Letizia Della Longa; Teresa Farroni; Fiorella Del Popolo Cristaldi; Gian Marco Duma Journal: Brain Sci Date: 2022-08-13
Authors: Maria Gańczak; Tomasz Miazgowski; Marta Kożybska; Artur Kotwas; Marcin Korzeń; Bartosz Rudnicki; Tomasz Nogal; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Marcel Ausloos; Maciej Banach; Alexandra Brazinova; Maria-Magdalena Constantin; Eleonora Dubljanin; Claudiu Herteliu; Mihaela Hostiuc; Sorin Hostiuc; Mihajlo Jakovljevic; Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak; Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek; Zbigniew J Król; Tomislav Mestrovic; Bartosz Miazgowski; Neda Milevska Kostova; Mohsen Naghavi; Ionut Negoi; Ruxandra Irina Negoi; Adrian Pana; Salvatore Rubino; Mario Sekerija; Radoslaw Sierpinski; Lucjan Szponar; Roman Topor-Madry; Isidora S Vujcic; Justyna Widecka; Katarzyna Widecka; Bogdan Wojtyniak; Vesna Zadnik; Jacek A Kopec Journal: PLoS One Date: 2020-03-02 Impact factor: 3.240