Abel Makubi1, James Okuma2, Donna Spiegelman3, Claudia Hawkins4, Anne Marie Darling2, Elizabeth Jackson2, Ferdinand Mugusi5, Guerino Chalamilla6, Wafaie Fawzi6. 1. School of Medicine, Muhimbili University Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Management and Development for Health, Tanzania makubi55@gmail.com. 2. Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, USA. 3. Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, USA. 4. Management and Development for Health, Tanzania Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. School of Medicine, Muhimbili University Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Management and Development for Health, Tanzania. 6. Management and Development for Health, Tanzania Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors for severe anemia, severe microcytic anemia, and severe normocytic anemia among HIV-infected individuals aged >15 years. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for anemia. RESULTS: Data from 40 408 patients were analyzed, showing an overall prevalence of 22% for severe anemia. The risk of developing severe anemia increased by 49% among patients with a body mass index of <18.5 kg/m(2), by approximately 2-fold among patients with the World Health Organization (WHO) stage III, and by 3-fold among patients with WHO stage IV illness. Severe normocytic anemia was uniquely increased among patients aged ≥50 years, among those with chronic diarrhea and Kaposi's sarcoma, and those taking cotrimoxazole. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of severe anemia among adults infected with HIV. Focused identification of anemia should be based on the hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume measurements.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors for severe anemia, severe microcytic anemia, and severe normocytic anemia among HIV-infected individuals aged >15 years. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for anemia. RESULTS: Data from 40 408 patients were analyzed, showing an overall prevalence of 22% for severe anemia. The risk of developing severe anemia increased by 49% among patients with a body mass index of <18.5 kg/m(2), by approximately 2-fold among patients with the World Health Organization (WHO) stage III, and by 3-fold among patients with WHO stage IV illness. Severe normocytic anemia was uniquely increased among patients aged ≥50 years, among those with chronic diarrhea and Kaposi's sarcoma, and those taking cotrimoxazole. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of severe anemia among adults infected with HIV. Focused identification of anemia should be based on the hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume measurements.
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