Justin S Smith1, Eric Klineberg, Frank Schwab, Christopher I Shaffrey, Bertrand Moal, Christopher P Ames, Richard Hostin, Kai-Ming G Fu, Douglas Burton, Behrooz Akbarnia, Munish Gupta, Robert Hart, Shay Bess, Virginie Lafage. 1. *Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA †Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA ‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY §Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA ¶Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor Scoliosis Center, Plano, TX ‖Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY **Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS ††Department of Orthopedic Surgery, San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA ‡‡Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR; and §§Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children, Denver, CO.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, consecutive series. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate responsiveness of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-Schwab adult spinal deformity (ASD) classification to changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after treatment for ASD. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Ideally, a classification system should describe and be responsive to changes in a disease state. We hypothesized that the SRS-Schwab classification is responsive to changes in HRQOL measures after treatment for ASD. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective, consecutive series from the International Spine Study Group. INCLUSION CRITERIA: ASD, age more than 18, operative or nonoperative treatment, baseline and 1-year radiographs, and HRQOL measures (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], SRS-22, Short Form [SF]-36). The SRS-Schwab classification includes a curve descriptor and 3 sagittal spinopelvic modifiers (sagittal vertical axis [SVA], pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence/lumbar lordosis [PI-LL] mismatch). Changes in modifiers at 1 year were assessed for impact on HRQOL from pretreatment values based on minimal clinically important differences. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-one patients met criteria (mean age = 54; 85% females; 177 operative and 164 nonoperative). Change in pelvic tilt modifier at 1-year follow-up was associated with changes in ODI and SRS-22 (total and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.034). Change in SVA modifier at 1 year was associated with changes in ODI, SF-36 physical component score, and SRS-22 (total, activity, and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.037). Change in PI-LL modifier at 1 year was associated with changes in SF-36 physical component score and SRS-22 (total, activity, and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.03). Patients with improvement of pelvic tilt, SVA, or PI-LL modifiers were significantly more likely to achieve minimal clinically important difference for ODI, SF-36 physical component score (SVA and PI-LL only), SRS activity, and SRS pain (PI-LL only). CONCLUSION: The SRS-Schwab classification provides a validated system to evaluate ASD, and the classification components correlate with HRQOL measures. This study demonstrates that the classification modifiers are responsive to changes in disease state and reflect significant changes in patient-reported outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective, consecutive series. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate responsiveness of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-Schwab adult spinal deformity (ASD) classification to changes in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after treatment for ASD. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Ideally, a classification system should describe and be responsive to changes in a disease state. We hypothesized that the SRS-Schwab classification is responsive to changes in HRQOL measures after treatment for ASD. METHODS: A multicenter, prospective, consecutive series from the International Spine Study Group. INCLUSION CRITERIA: ASD, age more than 18, operative or nonoperative treatment, baseline and 1-year radiographs, and HRQOL measures (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], SRS-22, Short Form [SF]-36). The SRS-Schwab classification includes a curve descriptor and 3 sagittal spinopelvic modifiers (sagittal vertical axis [SVA], pelvic tilt, pelvic incidence/lumbar lordosis [PI-LL] mismatch). Changes in modifiers at 1 year were assessed for impact on HRQOL from pretreatment values based on minimal clinically important differences. RESULTS: Three hundred forty-one patients met criteria (mean age = 54; 85% females; 177 operative and 164 nonoperative). Change in pelvic tilt modifier at 1-year follow-up was associated with changes in ODI and SRS-22 (total and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.034). Change in SVA modifier at 1 year was associated with changes in ODI, SF-36 physical component score, and SRS-22 (total, activity, and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.037). Change in PI-LL modifier at 1 year was associated with changes in SF-36 physical component score and SRS-22 (total, activity, and appearance scores) (P ≤ 0.03). Patients with improvement of pelvic tilt, SVA, or PI-LL modifiers were significantly more likely to achieve minimal clinically important difference for ODI, SF-36 physical component score (SVA and PI-LL only), SRS activity, and SRS pain (PI-LL only). CONCLUSION: The SRS-Schwab classification provides a validated system to evaluate ASD, and the classification components correlate with HRQOL measures. This study demonstrates that the classification modifiers are responsive to changes in disease state and reflect significant changes in patient-reported outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
Authors: Bertrand Moal; Nicolas Bronsard; José G Raya; Jean Marc Vital; Frank Schwab; Wafa Skalli; Virginie Lafage Journal: World J Orthop Date: 2015-10-18
Authors: Shian Liu; Frank Schwab; Justin S Smith; Eric Klineberg; Christopher P Ames; Gregory Mundis; Richard Hostin; Khaled Kebaish; Vedat Deviren; Munish Gupta; Oheneba Boachie-Adjei; Robert A Hart; Shay Bess; Virginie Lafage Journal: Ochsner J Date: 2014
Authors: Jay D Turner; Behrooz A Akbarnia; Robert K Eastlack; Ramin Bagheri; Stacie Nguyen; Luiz Pimenta; Rex Marco; Vedat Deviren; Juan Uribe; Gregory M Mundis Journal: Eur Spine J Date: 2015-03-28 Impact factor: 3.134